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H2020Individual fellowship2016–2018

FLORADAPT · Plant resilience and floral adaptation to pollinator change during a range expansion

Horizon 2020 — Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions

Duration
2016-09-01 → 2018-08-31
EU contribution
€195,455
Participants
1
Scheme
MSCA-IF-EF-ST

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Results in brief

Plant resilience and floral adaptation to pollinator change during a range expansion

FLORADAPT investigated the resilience and potential for evolutionary change of plant populations when faced with changes in pollinator communities. How do plants respond to human-induced changes in their pollinators? This is currently a very relevant question because evidence is accumulating of pollinator declines and, in consequence, plants are experiencing new “pollinator environments”. Concerns that this can in turn lead to declines in plant populations are growing, and that a negative loop in all interacting species can take place. Alternatively, some plants may be capable of rapid response to changes in their pollinators. The general aim of FLORADAPT was to explore how plant populations respond to new pollinator environments by comparing native and invasive populations whose exposure to new pollinators has persisted in time for a few generations. For this, a team of students and I used the common foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) as a study system. Foxgloves are herbs native to Europe and pollinated by bumblebees, but have been introduced to all other continents. In tropical mountains, we expect that foxgloves flowers will be visited by a new set of potential pollinators. We used a combination of careful field measurements and genomic tools to study the resilience of the plants to the new pollination conditions. We were also interested in the evolutionary responses by the plant to having new pollinators.

Data: CORDIS, © European Union

Project objective

Interactions among plants and floral visitors determine the outcome of many important processes, such as pollination, plant reproductive success and, in the longer term, plant evolution. Recent evidence shows human-induced pollinator declines and in consequence plants are experiencing new “pollinator environments”. These changes can be detrimental to plant populations, or alternatively, they could be resilient by adapting to the new environments. This project will use a multidisciplinary combination of field studies and genome sequencing to investigate the resilience and potential for evolutionary change of plant populations when faced with changes in pollinators. For this I will use the recent large-scale range expansion of a European insect-pollinated herb, Digitalis purpurea, as a natural experiment to compare pollinators, floral traits, and estimates of heritability in native versus naturalised populations in the New World. The naturalised populations are pollinated by different animals, and could harbour lower genetic variation. Dense molecular marker panels will be used to estimate heritability in the field. The results will provide important insight into 1) the evolution of plant traits in conditions that could favour innovative change, and 2) the consequences of human-induced environmental changes on plant and pollinator populations in the long term. The main novelty is the combination of the study of changed natural selection regimes with the estimation of trait heritability in the same wild populations. This project will increase my competitiveness for academic consolidation through training a critical period in my career. Working at the University of Sussex will provide excellent training in insect evolution and conservation, bioinformatics, and teaching and mentoring students in a top-class research environment. In turn, I will contribute my knowledge on plant biology through teaching and collaborations in a mostly animal-oriented group.

Original text from CORDIS.

Participants

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Data: CORDIS, © European Union