FA x Force · Reconstitution and Structural Analysis of a Minimal Mechanosensitive Focal Adhesion Complex
Horizon 2020 — Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
- Duration
- 2019-09-01 → 2021-08-31
- EU contribution
- €159,461
- Participants
- 1
- Scheme
- MSCA-IF-EF-ST
Lines connect the coordinator with its partners.
Results in brief
Reconstitution and Structural Analysis of a Minimal Mechanosensitive Focal Adhesion Complex
The Action “Reconstitution and Structural Analysis of a Minimal Mechanosensitive Focal Adhesion Complex” investigates the regulation of protein complexes connecting cells to their surrounding environment. These complexes play critical roles in cell shape, differentiation, movement, and division, and contribute to inside-out and outside in signaling between cells and their environment. These complexes are made up of hundreds of proteins, can be formed and disassembled rapidly in response to different cellular cues, and are tightly regulated spatially and temporally. The ability to properly form, stabilize, or disengage the connections mediated by focal assemblies is crucial to proper cell function. As such, mis-regulation and dysfunction of focal adhesions and individual focal adhesion proteins is linked to many human pathologies, including multiple immune disorders and many different types of cancers.
Data: CORDIS, © European Union
Project objective
Focal adhesions (FAs) are receptor complexes that couple the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the actin cytoskeleton, allowing inside-out and outside-in signaling between cells and their environment. FA formation is triggered by activation of integrin receptors, which interact with cytoplasmic ligands to connect with the actin cytoskeleton and regulate numerous signaling pathways. FA maturation requires force transduction between the actin cytoskeleton and ECM, which results in protein recruitment, likely through conformational changes and force-dependent protein deformation. The molecular mechanisms regulating this process are largely unknown, though many of the key components have been identified and are well characterized in vivo. I will carry out a hierarchal reconstruction of the core FA components, namely talin, vinculin, and integrin, both alone and in the presence of actin filaments or a force-generating actomyosin network. This will allow direct observation of (1) how core components of FAs assemble and regulate each other, (2) how actin impacts the formation and structure of this core complex, and (3) the effect of force on the assembly, overall complex structure, and conformational states of individual proteins. Interactions between key proteins will be analyzed both biochemically and structurally using cryo-EM in a step-wise manner to obtain a comprehensive image of FA assembly. Recent technical advances have made cryo-EM an ideal tool for solving high-resolution reconstructions of macromolecular complexes like FAs. Structural approaches will be augmented by light microscopy experiments, to provide a dynamic view of complex assembly and regulation. By using multidisciplinary, innovative approaches, this project will address both functional and structural questions about FA assembly, yielding insight into key interactions and therapeutic targets that will directly benefit biomedical research in this field.
Original text from CORDIS.
Participants
- MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV · MUNCHENCoordinatorGermany
Links
Data: CORDIS, © European Union