MS4Plastics · Mass spectrometry for the characterization of micro- and nanoplastics

Mass spectrometry for the characterization of micro- and nanoplastics

Plastic pollution is an escalating global environmental challenge, with increasing concern over the degradation of plastics into microplastics and nanoplastics. These particles, especially those in the low micrometre (µm) and nanometre (nm) size range (1 nm – 20 µm), are extremely difficult to detect and quantify due to their small size and complex behavior in biological and environmental matrices. Of particular concern is their presence in the food chain, such as in edible fish and shellfish, posing potential risks to human health and food safety. Existing analytical methods often fall short in sensitivity, specificity, and throughput for routine detection of these particles at trace levels. The detection and characterization of micro- and nanoplastics in food is essential to understand exposure routes and inform risk assessment and regulatory policies. As consumption of seafood continues to rise globally, so does the urgency to address potential contamination and its implications for public health. Developing robust, reliable analytical protocols for these emerging contaminants is critical for environmental monitoring, consumer protection, and supporting the transition to safer and more sustainable materials and packaging practices. The overall objective of the MS4Plastics - Mass spectrometry for the characterization of micro- and nanoplastics” project is to open up new frontiers in the sample pre-treatment and pre-concentration protocols, as well as characterization of low µm-range MPs and NPs (MNPs) in fish and shellfish samples by complementary analytical methods being ICP-MS operated in (i) single-event mode for the ultra-fast monitoring of transient signals (spICP-MS) and (ii) smart hyphenation strategies, combined with size-based fractionation techniques, as well as pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). Another key objective of MS4Plastics was to support the professional growth and development of the researcher. The MS4Plastics project successfully established proof-of-concept for advanced protocols that significantly improve the detection and characterization of micro- and nanoplastics in complex biological samples. The fellow developed a strong interdisciplinary skill set and built strategic collaborations that enhanced both her scientific maturity and the visibility of the host institution. The results contribute valuable tools and knowledge to the broader effort of assessing plastic pollution’s impact on human health and the environment, while also laying the groundwork for future regulatory standards and innovations in analytical methodology.

Data: CORDIS, © European Union