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H2020Individual fellowship2021–2023

WoodTRACES · Exploring Prehispanic woodworking technologies in the isolated context of the Canary Islands: Innovative and adaptive responses

Horizon 2020 — Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions

Duration
2021-09-01 → 2023-08-31
EU contribution
€203,149
Participants
1
Scheme
MSCA-IF

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Results in brief

Exploring Prehispanic woodworking technologies in the isolated context of the Canary Islands: Innovative and adaptive responses

The Canary Islands were first settled around the Era by Berber agropastoral populations from North Africa, thus representing the last and westernmost expansion of the Eurasian / Mediterranean farming package. These first farmers remained isolated in the archipelago until Europeans arrived in the 15th century CE. After their settling, they had to adapt to the local raw material availability, which lacked metal ores, and thus developed volcanic lithic technologies and woodcraft in an insular environment. Yet, how did this adaptation process succeed despite the lack of metal tools? Local adaptive processes in terms of social complexity and subsistence practices have been suggested for each island. However, organic materials have not been included in the archaeological discussion so far. Building on one of the richest geographical regions to present desiccated wooden artefacts, this project aimed to test the hypothesis that the study of woodworking technology can shed new light on the human adaptation process in response to the lack of metal tools and to the biogeographical differences between islands. The specific objectives of the project were to: 1) Characterise the indigenous woodworking technology based on tool marks in desiccated wooden artefacts. 2) Determine the functionalities associated with wooden artefacts based on use-wear analysis. 3) Assess the adaptive responses of indigenous groups and the possible local differences due to isolation. The information obtained from the tool-mark analyses of Canarian wooden artefacts has been key in contributing to the knowledge of the technological strategies adopted by the indigenous groups in contexts of isolation.

Data: CORDIS, © European Union

Project objective

The Canary Islands were first settled approximately 2,000 years ago by Berber agropastoral groups from North Africa, remaining isolated in the archipelago until Europeans arrived in the 15th century CE. These populations had to adapt to the local raw material availability, which lacked metal ores, and thus developed volcanic lithic technologies and woodcraft in an insular environment. Yet, how did this adaptation process succeed despite the lack of metal ores? Which stone tools replaced metal tools in producing woodworking technologies across different islands? What were wooden artefacts used for? Considering the exceptional preservation of desiccated wooden artefacts from this region, WoodTRACES seeks to test the hypothesis that the study of woodworking technology can shed new light on the human adaptation process in response to the lack of metal tools and to the biogeographical differences between islands. Advancement of new knowledge regarding this unparalleled issue will provide meaningful data about human innovation/resilience in contexts of isolation and sudden reduction of technological optionality. WoodTRACES will undertake a novel interdisciplinary approach combining the broad archaeobotanical expertise of the candidate with a deep training in experimental archaeology, tool-mark and wear analyses, and cutting-edge methodologies (e.g. 3D scanner, SEM). Inter-sectoral transfer of knowledge, by collaborating with archaeological museums and archives, will be also attained. Training during this project will enable the candidate to meet future challenges in archaeobotanical heritage, endorsed by the H2020 Societal Challenge of ‘Europe in a Changing World – Inclusive, Innovative and Reflective Societies’. Following the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the UN, results of WoodTRACES will contribute to stimulating sustainable cultural tourism in the Canary Islands based on perishable archaeological heritage.

Original text from CORDIS.

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Data: CORDIS, © European Union