OPTO-LOCO · Unraveling the circuits of locomotion with opto-genetic manipulation of neuronal activity in awake behaving animals
7РП — „Хора“ (Действия „Мария Кюри“)
- Период
- 2011-11-01 → 2016-05-02
- Финансиране от ЕС
- 100 000 €
- Участници
- 1
- Схема
- MC-IRG
Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.
Накратко на български
Сензорните неврони в гръбначния стълб изследват как химическите, механичните и топлинните сигнали влияят върху движението и стойката. Разбирането на тези процеси помага да се разбере как вътрешното състояние на организма модулира моторните функции.
Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.
Резултати накратко
Unraveling the circuits of locomotion with opto-genetic manipulation of neuronal activity in awake behaving animals
Motor functions such as locomotion and posture are assumed to typically rely on the spinal cord to integrate either inputs from the brain, in order to initiate voluntary movements, or from the periphery, in order to deploy spinal reflexes based on information from the outside world. Noticing that our posture and locomotion are strongly modulated by our inner states, the Wyart lab investigates a third possibility : what if the spinal cord itself could integrate internal sensory information to modulate motor functions according to our inner states? The team aims to unravel how chemo-, mechano- and thermo-sensory inputs shape locomotion. Recently Dr Wyart and colleagues identified that cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) were mysterious sensory neurons located in the center of the spinal cord. The team in the last two years has published now five publications showing the role of this new sensory pathway: In Fidelin et al., Current Biology 2015, we demonstrate the circuits formed by CSF-cNs in the spinal cord and its impact on slow locomotion, In Bohm, Prendergast et al Nature Communications 2016, we show the inputs of these CSF-cNs are mechanosensory, In Hernandez et al., Nature Communications 2016, we established a novel way to perform 3D holography in vivo. In Sternberg et al., Current Biology in press, we show how to silence effectively neurons in vivo. In Hubbard et al., in revision, we demonstrate that CSF-cNs can also control posture.
Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз
Цел на проекта
Locomotion relies on neural networks called central pattern generators (CPGs) that generate periodic motor commands for rhythmic movements. The manipulation of electrical activity and cell signaling in specific neuron type using light gated receptors enables us today to dissect the specific neuronal circuits forming the CPGs, and understand the dynamic role of sensory inputs in awake behaving animals.During my work in UC Berkeley, I developed the use of light gated receptors in vivo (Szobota 2007, Pautot 2008 and Wyart 2009). This novel approach enables us to test directly the role of specific pattern of activity in genetically identified neurons for shaping the complex locomotor behaviors.Using a combination of targeted gene expression and optical tools for monitoring and manipulating neuronal activity (“optogenetics”) in awake behaving animals, we have revealed the role of mysterious cells present at the interface between the spinal cord and the central canal: the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contacting neurons. I demonstrated that during early development in low vertebrates these cells provide the positive drive to the spinal central pattern generators for spontaneous locomotion (Wyart et al 2009).My future plan focuses on investigating further the circuits of locomotion in the healthy and severed spinal cord. My project consists in three distinct aims:Aim 1. To examine the chemo- and mechano-sensory functions of spinalCSF-contacting neuronsAim 2. To elucidate the role of dynamic sensory feedback for triggeringtransitions during locomotionAim 3. To improve recovery of function after spinal cord injury usingoptogenetics
Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).
Участници
- INSTITUT DU CERVEAU ET DE LA MOELLE EPINIERE · ParisКоординаторФранция
Връзки
Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз