H2020Индивидуална стипендия2015–2018

VULCAN · Vulnerability of soil organic carbon to climate change in permafrost and dryland ecosystems

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2015-07-01 → 2018-06-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 174 496 €
Участници: 2
Схема: MSCA-IF-GF

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Органичният въглерод в почвите на вечната мерзлота и сухите райони се променя при повишаване на температурите. Разбирането на този процес помага да се оцени рискът от отделяне на повече въглероден диоксид в атмосферата и последващото влошаване на климатичните промени.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Vulnerability of soil organic carbon to climate change in permafrost and dryland ecosystems

Continued emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly CO2, will cause further increases in global mean temperatures over the 21st century, especially in northern latitudes, which will alter global precipitation patterns and increase the aridity conditions in drylands worldwide. A full understanding of how soil organic matter will respond to these changes in the climate system is crucial. This is because organic matter is a multi-functional component of soil that provides vital ecosystem services, including support of primary production. Furthermore, soil organic matter represents one of the largest C reservoirs on Earth—holding more than three-fold the amount of C that is currently in the atmosphere as CO2—and has implications for the mitigation or exacerbation of climate change. Permafrost soils of northern latitudes and soils of drylands are keystone contributors to this C reservoir. While highly contrasting, permafrost and dryland ecosystems are both extremely vulnerable and under severe pressure due to global warming. With warming and permafrost thaw, soil organic matter previously stabilized by freezing temperatures becomes exposed to microbial decomposition, which may significantly change ecosystem functioning and aggravate climate change by releasing significant amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. Similarly, rising temperatures and declining rainfall may accelerate soil organic matter decomposition in drylands, which not only may release CO2 to the atmosphere but also may lead to land degradation and desertification. The main research objective of this project is to gain a deeper insight into the vulnerability of soil organic matter to climate change in permafrost and dryland ecosystems, and to explore potential implications related to their functioning and feedback to global warming.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Soil organic matter provides essential ecosystem services and is one of the largest C reservoirs on Earth, holding more than three-fold as much C as does the atmosphere. Over 75% of the global soil organic C pool is stored in permafrost and dryland regions, both under high pressure due to climate change. In particular, global warming may accelerate soil organic matter decomposition in these ecosystems, which may dramatically endanger their functioning and worsen climate change by releasing significant amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere. However, the rate of this effect and to what extent it may be offset by warming-induced increases of plant-derived organic inputs remain highly uncertain. The main objective of this project is to gain a deeper insight into the vulnerability of soil organic matter to climate change in permafrost and drylands, and to explore potential implications in terms of ecosystem functioning and feedback to global warming. We will use globally unique ecosystem warming experiments in Alaska (permafrost) and central Spain (dryland), with a well-established monitoring of plant productivity, phenology, and nutrient status, soil physical, chemical, biochemical, and microbiological properties, and CO2 fluxes. We will focus on the destabilization, stabilization, and transformation processes of soil organic matter at the molecular level by using an unparalleled combination of state-of-the-art methods for soil organic matter fractionation into pools directly related to conceptual preservation mechanisms, powerful stable and radioactive isotope techniques, and advanced nuclear magnetic resonance tools. VULCAN will fill major gaps in our knowledge, will make this information widely available to scientists, policy makers, and the general public, and will provide the Fellow with the necessary knowledge, skills, networking, and experience to lead future research projects related to the feedbacks between climate change and terrestrial ecosystems in Europe.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS · MostolesКоординаторИспания
Arizona Board of Regents for and on behalf of Northern Arizona University · FlagstaffСъединени щати