H2020Индивидуална стипендия2015–2017

MYCRONICHE · QUANTIFYING THE EXTENT FUNGAL MYCORRHIZAL COMMUNITIES AFFECT ORCHID NICHE BREADTH AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2015-09-01 → 2017-08-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 160 800 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-RI

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Връзката между орхидеите (например от род Spiranthes) и гъбичните общности в почвата се анализира чрез генетично секвениране. Това помага да се разбере как липсата на тези гъби и промяната на средата влияят върху разпространението и оцеляването на застрашените видове.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

QUANTIFYING THE EXTENT FUNGAL MYCORRHIZAL COMMUNITIES AFFECT ORCHID NICHE BREADTH AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

As a consequence of increasing human influence on the natural environment, there has been a decrease in the abundance of plant populations in Europe over the last 50 years. In addition, there has been a reduction in the abundance of important plant mutualists (e.g. mycorrhizas) in the soil, and such decreases in mutualists are expected to negatively impact on important life-history stages in certain plant groups e.g. seed germination of orchids. However, we do not know how soil mycorrhizas vary across a range of different habitats. One salient example of such declines are members of the genus Spiranthes. Spiranthes populations are known to be in decline and of conservation concern. A combination of both habitat and mycorrhizal limitation may underlie the decline of Spiranthes populations and impede their ability to colonise novel habitats in the future. The overall aim of MYCRONICHE was to quantify the extent to which plant populations over a large geographical range rely on fungal (mycorrhizal) mutualists and to test whether interactions between plants, specifically orchids, and their associated mycorrhizas vary geographically. Specifically, this project aimed to; (i) provide a European-wide quantification of the distribution of orchid mycorrhizas using state-of-the-art genetic sequencing methods, (ii) show the extent to which this single biotic factor can affect the potential for orchid populations to adapt to novel or heterogeneous environmental conditions, and (iii) demonstrate the potential extent-of-occurrence of declining orchid populations, amidst rapid habitat fragmentation and shifting species distributions due to climate change. The general conclusions of MYCRONICHE are: 1. That mycorrhizal communities associated with Spiranthes spiralis differ over the geographical range and according to habitat type, but that similar mycorrhizal fungi are associated with S. spiralis populations throughout the range of S. spiralis. 2. That seeds of S. spiralis from different regions can germinate in different populations in its range. 3. That future climate change scenarios will have a strong impact on species ranges, particularly their ecological and geographical isolation.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Understanding the factors that underlie species distributions is a fundamental goal of ecology. With climate change there is increased importance to quantify how species distributions will change in a European context. Orchids are particularly sensitive to environmental conditions. Mycorrhizas are vitally important in determining the population occurrence of orchids, as orchid seeds rely entirely on fungi to provide nutrients in order to germinate and establish. While there have been major advances in the use of molecular tools in identifying mycorrhizal communities, no study has yet investigated how mycorrhizal communities influence the likelihood of population establishment over large geographical ranges. MYCRONICHE will bring together innovative approaches in pyrosequencing, ecological experiments, and species distribution modelling to quantify how environmental factors can lead to population adaptation. We plan to investigate three members of the orchid genus Spiranthes that are in decline in Europe. We will (i) model the distribution of Spiranthes species, (ii) perform reciprocal translocation experiments will be used in conjunction with control greenhouse experiments, and (iii) determine mycorrhizal limitation by experimentally adding seeds to habitats where the orchid species should occur. By training in novel molecular tools, the skill-set of the candidate will be advanced by participation in MYCRONICHE. There will be a dedicated training and transfer of knowledge program that will involve the researcher; (i) taking advanced courses in bioinformatics and (ii) teaching courses in spatial statistics at the host institution. By combining cutting-edge molecular tools, elegant experimental approaches, and innovative methods in spatial statistics and species distribution modelling, MYCRONICHE would go a long way to improve our understanding of how mutualistic interactions co-evolve in space and help understand how populations will respond to climate change.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN · LeuvenКоординаторБелгия