H2020Индивидуална стипендия2016–2017

Pathologies · Pathologies of temporality. Abnormal experiences of time in mental disorders

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2016-09-01 → 2017-08-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 97 727 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

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Накратко на български

Субективното усещане за време при психически разстройства се анализира чрез примери като забавянето му при меланхолия или дезориентацията при деменция. Това помага да се разбере разликата между обективния часовник и начина, по който човек действително преживява миналото, настоящето и бъдещето.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Pathologies of temporality. Abnormal experiences of time in mental disorders

The aim of the project was to analyze the experiences of time in selected mental disorders from a phenomenological perspective by combining clinical resources with philosophical interpretative categories. For example, temporal disorientation might be a sign of a mental disorder, like dementia, in which a person gets lost regarding a given hour, a day, or even a year. Yet, disorientation in time is just one of the many abnormal temporal experiences that humans can suffer from. Others include acceleration of the temporal flow (as in mania), temporal retardation (as in melancholia), desynchronization with the environment (as in addictions), repetitive behaviors (as in compulsions) or temporal fragmentation (as in schizophrenia). In all of them, the question of the qualitative relationship between the three dimensions of time – past, present and future – and the temporal structure of consciousness itself as underpinning any human experience comes to the fore. It is also here that we encounter the limits of a physicalist conception of homogenous time (as represented by the clock, in which every minute lasts exactly as long as any other) and need to think more in terms of time being lived through our engagement with the world and other people. For example, one can experience one’s personal future as being pre-determined and controlled by alien forces, or one can live one’s past in the mode of constant and painful regret. One can even suffer from a total blockage of the temporal flow, despite the fact that the clock is still ticking and, apparently, objective time passes without any interruption. The research was focused on those different abnormal temporal experiences as seen via a set of philosophical categories having to do with how time is subjectively lived even before it is consciously experienced.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The goal of the proposed research project is to analyze temporal disturbances in mental disorders and, as a result, to create a “map” of pathological experiences of time. The map will be phenomenological in nature, i.e. cutting across existing classifications of mental disorders and avoiding untimely biological explanations. The project is highly interdisciplinary – it is situated at the intersection of phenomenology of temporality, philosophy of history and phenomenology of mental illness. It continues the tradition of philosophical-psychiatric reflections on time in mental disorders that started a century ago and that concerned temporal disturbances in conditions such as: addictions, amnesia, anxiety, dementia, depression, mania and schizophrenia. At the same time it enriches the existing empirical, clinical knowledge with non-medical interpretative schemes. The norm against which particular abnormalities will be assessed is going to be a value-based model of the relationship between past, present and future, and not value-free, physicalist notion of temporality. The major contribution that the project is going to make is bridging the gap between studies in philosophical textual analysis concerning temporality, which are theoretically sophisticated yet lack clinical references, and clinical papers, which will not serve its usual practical, medical function but pragmatically oriented philosophy. As a result, the study will constitute a major step toward answering two highly relevant philosophical-medical questions. First, can pathologies of temporality be interpreted as disorders in themselves, and not as epiphenomena built upon primary mental illnesses, and therefore provide ground for uniting otherwise separated categories of mental disorders? Second, how and to what extent can philosophical notions of time be applied not only to understanding of psychopathological phenomena but also to their treatment?

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD · OxfordКоординаторОбединеното кралство