H2020Индивидуална стипендия2016–2018

CH4ScarabDetect · Detecting and quantifying CH4 emissions from scarab larvae using stable carbon isotopes

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2016-05-01 → 2018-04-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 171 461 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Емисиите на метан от ларви на бръмбари се изследват чрез биоакустика и анализ на въглеродни изотопи. Това помага за по-точното определяне на източниците на парникови газове в почвата и тяхното влияние върху климата.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Detecting and quantifying CH4 emissions from scarab larvae using stable carbon isotopes

The greenhouse gas (GHG) methane (CH4) is an excellent candidate for short-term climate change mitigation strategies. It has an atmospheric lifetime of only nine years and slight changes in even small CH4 sources and sinks can ultimately determine whether the Earth, as a whole ecosystem, is a net source or sink of atmospheric CH4. However, this mitigation potential can only be accessed if all sinks and sources contributing to the global CH4 budget are known. One of the still poorly understood aspects of the global CH4 budget is the effect of land use on the CH4 budget of soils which can be either sinks or sources of atmospheric CH4 depending on the ratio of gross CH4 production and gross CH4 oxidation. The central drawback in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the net soil CH4 flux is our insufficient knowledge on these gross fluxes and the involved organisms. Especially one group of organisms has thus far been almost completely neglected in soil CH4 cycle research – methanogens living in the digestive tracts of soil invertebrates. The second large drawback in terrestrial CH4 cycle research is the lack of non-invasive field methods to track soil-dwelling insects as well as to separate gross CH4 production and gross CH4 oxidation. The project “CH4ScarabDetect: Detecting and quantifying CH4 emissions from scarab larvae using stable carbon isotopes” addressed these two major drawbacks by a) measuring CH4 emissions from scarab larvae in situ to derive the first quantitative estimate of their importance for net CH4 soil fluxes, and b) combining this with the development of a non-invasive field monitoring method to detect scarab larvae using stable carbon isotope signatures of atmospheric CH4 and bioacoustics. The project focused on the larvae of the common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) and the forest cockchafer (M. hippocastani) which are important European agricultural and forest pests, respectively.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The increase of the average global atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration from about 700 ppb to 1800 ppb since 1750 is the result of a global imbalance between CH4 sources and sinks. Even small changes in source or sink strength are expected to have a rapid impact on the atmospheric CH4 concentration, making CH4 an excellent candidate for short-term climate change mitigation strategies. However, this mitigation potential can only be accessed if we can accurately quantify all sinks and sources contributing to the global CH4 budget. One of the poorly understood aspects of the global CH4 budget is the effect of land-use change and soil management on the CH4 budget of soils which themselves can be either sinks or sources of atmospheric CH4. The central drawback in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling net soil CH4 fluxes is our insufficient knowledge on gross CH4 fluxes and the involved organisms. The project “CH4ScarabDetect” aims to provide the first quantitative estimate of the importance of soil-dwelling cockchafer larvae for net soil CH4 fluxes. These important European agricultural and forest pests are qualitatively known to emit CH4, but have thus far been neglected in terrestrial CH4 cycle research. To reach its aim, “CH4ScarabDetect” will develop a new non-invasive field monitoring method for separating gross CH4 production and gross CH4 oxidation in soils in general, and for detecting larvae infestations in particular, by combining for the very first time the well-known chamber flux method with a 13CH4 isotope pool dilution technique and acoustic measurements of larvae sounds. This novel approach will not only further our understanding of the role of cockchafer larvae in the terrestrial CH4 cycle and provide a new tool for soil CH4 flux and soil insect studies, but promises to also improve the monitoring of cockchafer infestations, thus generating new knowledge of major relevance for both scientific and practical reasons.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

HOCHSCHULE GEISENHEIM · GeisenheimКоординаторГермания