H2020Индивидуална стипендия2017–2018

MF-Synapse · Presynaptic calcium channels distribution and impact on coupling at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2017-01-01 → 2018-12-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 166 157 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Калциевите канали в синапсите на хипокампуса определят как се пренасят сигналите между невроните. Разбирането на тези процеси помага да се разбере как мозъкът съхранява и възстановява спомените ни.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Presynaptic calcium channels distribution and impact on coupling at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse

The hippocampus is a region of the brain extensively studied due to its fundamental role in declarative memory formation and consolidation, also in spatial memory and formation of cognitive maps for navigation through space. Hippocampal granule cells axons form mossy fibers (MF) and terminate in large boutons that relay this input to the proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons. This giant synaptic contact forms a key synapse that has been proposed to have a major role in hippocampal function as a conditional “detonator synapse” that reliably discharges the postsynaptic CA3 target neurons. Despite MF synapses widely accepted involvement in processing, storage and recall of information in hippocampus, due to several technical problems there is still very limited information about this central synapse. The goal of this project was to investigate biophysical mechanisms of calcium dependent exocytosis and how it relates to the unique forms of plasticity identified at the MF- CA3 synapse. A better understanding of synaptic transmission dynamics at this important synapse would give great insight on the mechanisms underlying their role in the hippocampus. This synapse is essential for hippocampal network function and may be involved in distinguishing memory storage and retrieval modes in the hippocampus circuit. And in a general sense, we still have a large gap in the knowledge underlying synaptic transmission in central synapses in the brain.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

This proposal will focus on the hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) synapse, formed between the axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and CA3 pyramidal neurons. The hippocampus plays an important role in learning and memory formation and MF synapses are involved in processing, storage and recall of spatial information. The MF tract connects the entorhinal cortex to CA3 pyramidal neurons. MF presynaptic terminals are large in size, forming giant synapses on proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons. Based on this structure, the MF synapse is proposed to have a key role in hippocampal function as a “detonator synapse” that reliably discharges the postsynaptic target neurons. Additionally, it is thought to be involved in storage of information in the CA3 region network by triggering synaptic plasticity between these pyramidal neurons. Despite its important role in hippocampal function and plasticity, there is still very limited information about this key synapse. This proposal will investigate the nanoscale location and distribution of presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse and how it influences coupling at this presynaptic terminal. The opening of VGCCs at presynaptic terminals leads to calcium entry and a subsequent rise in concentration in the vicinity of the channels. The spatial volume occupied by this increased calcium concentration is referred to as calcium domains. The coupling distance between these domains and calcium sensors at the release machinery of docked synaptic vesicles is critical as it determines speed and precision of fusion of vesicles and, thus, release of neurotransmitters. Results from these observations would form the basis for a quantitative understanding of mechanisms underlying time-course of transmission and presynaptic plasticity at this synapse and thus, how it relates to their particular network function in hippocampus.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA · KlosterneuburgКоординаторАвстрия