AgroPHYS · Understanding how plants overcome drought by controlling stomatal function: applicability and impacts on agriculture
„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“
- Период
- 2017-08-01 → 2020-07-31
- Финансиране от ЕС
- 263 441 €
- Участници
- 2
- Схема
- MSCA-IF-GF
Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.
Накратко на български
Физиологичните механизми на растенията при засуша се изучават чрез сензори и модели, като например как се образуват въздушни блокажи в съдовете на масливените разсадчета. Това помага за подобряване на напояването и производителността на културите при недостиг на вода.
Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.
Резултати накратко
Understanding how plants overcome drought by controlling stomatal function: applicability and impacts on agriculture
We live currently under a global crisis where the increase of the world population and therefore, the food demand, is placing agriculture under a context of urgency because it will need to produce this food without wasting the water necessary for that production. In addition to that, the climate crisis and the increase in water scarcity, considering that agricultural water use can be up to 80% of available freshwater, make essential the improvement of agricultural practices and the development of more efficient irrigation strategies. Drought events, more and more frequent and severe, cause plant water stress, a functional and structural plant response to low water availability, that reduces the productivity of a crop. Thus, an understanding of the impact, mechanisms, and traits underlying drought tolerance in agricultural plant species is essential to increase the efficiency of irrigation strategies and to improve productivity. The impacts of this on society are direct, representing major European priorities: optimizing agriculture in a changing climate with reduced water availability and a growing population. The AgroPHYS project aims to combine three important fields of research (diagram attached) to deal with this urgent need: a fundamental understanding of the physiological mechanisms of plant response to drought, the use of plant sensors to monitor these responses in real-time, and the implementation of physiological-based models to predicting the impacts of global change on plants and providing new hypotheses to be tested. The conclusions of the action can be summarized as: (1) the use of the optical technique to visualize in vivo the air blockage formation within the vascular system as olive seedlings dehydrated, allowed us to demonstrate that roots were the most resistant organs to hydraulic dysfunction; (2) the results obtained from this optical technique, which is easy to use and low-cost, agree with most common, hydraulic techniques and with highly-resolution, synchrotron-based techniques; (3) stomatal opening limitations appear to be related with a decrease in soil-root hydraulic conductance under moderate levels of water stress in olive; (4) leaf abscisic acid production is crucial for protecting vessels from air blockage formation by playing a key role on triggering stomatal closure; and (5) with a combination of mechanistic models and leaf turgor pressure sensors, the automatic and continuous monitoring of stomatal conductance is possible in fruit tree species, which will improve the water used by these fruit orchards.
Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз
Цел на проекта
Land plants have coped with drought since they first colonized dry land. Drought is the most frequent cause of water stress – a functional and structural plant response to low water availability. An understanding of the impact, mechanisms and traits underlying drought tolerance in agricultural plant species is essential to improve productivity, and it further represents a major European priority (SFS-01-2016): optimizing agriculture in a changing climate with reduced water availability and a growing population. To address this urgent need it is necessary to first understand how stomata regulate leaf gas exchange, since stomatal is the main limitation of photosynthesis in crops under water stress. Both hydraulic and non-hydraulic or hormonal signals are the main drivers of stomatal regulation. Therefore, AgroPHYS proposes to investigate how these signals interact to protect plants against damaging desiccation. This project will generate physiological knowledge, at UTAS, from a range of experimental techniques and apply it to a physiology-based model and an automatic plant-based sensor to guide both irrigation management and research, at IRNAS-CSIC. The objectives of AgroPHYS are (i) to evaluate the relative importance and coordination of hydraulic and hormonal signals in plant stomatal responses to drought and recovery, and (ii) to apply this knowledge, by means of a mechanistic model and a plant sensor, to predict productivity relative to water consumption in agricultural plant species with different water use strategies. The outgoing research group is at the cutting-edge of physiological research and the environment of learning will provide maximum benefit to the candidate and excellent opportunities to interact with researchers from across the globe. These skills and knowledge will be transferred back to IRNAS-CSIC, providing essential data not only for scientific research on plant function but also for precision agriculture and optimal management of irrigation.
Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).
Участници
Връзки
Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз