H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

TOPPER · Targeting of host proteins by unrelated pathogen effectors and their surveillance by allelic immune receptors

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-09-01 → 2020-08-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 159 461 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-RI

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Имунните рецептори на езика на ячмена пшеница (MLA) се изследват за това как разпознават молекулите на гъбичките, причиняващи брашняста мана. Разбирането на този механизъм помага за създаването на устойчиви сортове култури, които намаляват нуждата от химически фунгициди.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Targeting of host proteins by unrelated pathogen effectors and their surveillance by allelic immune receptors

Plant diseases are major issues in agricultural food production and human societal development. Diseases caused by destructive microbes such as fungi and bacteria result in significant yield and thus substantial economic losses. Barley is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. However, the cultivation of cereals such as barley is threatened in particular by fungal pathogens, amongst them, powdery mildews. The success range for controlling these and other fungal phytopathogens by fungicides varies and is economically burdensome and increasingly problematic for ecological reasons. In addition, these chemical control measures need to be frequently updated and revised because of the emergence of fungicide resistance and changing regulatory constraints. The main objective of this project is to clarify how the naturally evolved and similar barley immune receptors known as Mildew Locus A (MLA) detect diverse molecules from the powdery mildew fungus (AVRa effectors) to avoid powdery mildew disease development on barley leaves. This defines our ability to generate disease resistance in a rational, predictable and sustainable manner, and will underpin the emergence of new biotechnological industries. As such, the project has economic and social impact, also because the project’s results will in the long term contribute to the development of new crop varieties that are more resistant to pathogens. Such new varieties offer an alternative to chemical disease control and are more productive to growers.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Pathogens secrete effectors into host cells to promote virulence and often establish disease by interception of basal defence components. One widespread mechanism of disease resistance in plants requires nucleotide-binding oligomerization (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) genes. Recognition of an effector by a cognate NLR prevents pathogen proliferation. A co-evolutionary arms race between the host barley and the pathogenic powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis hordei(Bgh) has driven the functional diversification of allelic NLR variants encoded at the MLA disease resistance locus (for Mildew locus A). Recent work revealed that Bgh effectors detected by allelic MLA receptor variants are unexpectedly sequence-unrelated and evolved independently from different ancestors. Additionally, the MLA orthologs in wheat and rye, Sr33 and Sr50, confer isolate-specific resistance to the stem rust pathogen Puccinia graminis forma specialis tritici (Pgt). This is remarkable because rust and mildew fungi belong to different phyla and cannot encode sequence-related effectors. MLA variants can therefore not have diversified to directly bind sequence-related effectors and thus monitor effector-mediated modifications of host targets conserved between different cereals. To reintegrate into the European scientific community, I wish to perform the “TOPPER” project at the Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.The “TOPPER” project will clarify whether the sequence-unrelated Bgh effectors target the same host protein or converge on a common signalling pathway/complex consisting of related or unrelated host proteins. I hypothesize that the host protein(s), manipulated by Bgh effectors, is/are also targeted by effectors of other plant-associated microorganisms, which will be tested here. The collaboration with the partner ‘2Blades’ will ensure direct deployment of results in agriculture to battle plant disease, where appropriate.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV · MUNCHENКоординаторГермания