H2020Индивидуална стипендия2017–2019

LEAF-OF-LIFE · Photosynthetic energy balance, chloroplast integrity, carbon flow and epigenetic regulation of isoprenoid biosynthesis during leaf development and senescence

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2017-06-01 → 2019-06-11
Финансиране от ЕС: 180 277 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Взаимодействието между изопрена и хормоните цитокинини определя как листата на растенията растат и остаряват. Разбирането на тези процеси помага да се установи как се променят фотосинтезата и разпределението на въглерода в листата през целия им живот.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Photosynthetic energy balance, chloroplast integrity, carbon flow and epigenetic regulation of isoprenoid biosynthesis during leaf development and senescence

The methyl erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway in the chloroplast synthesizes isoprenoids (a class of hydrocarbons) by almost exclusively utilising carbon and energy supplied by photosynthesis in plant leaves. Isoprene (a five-carbon volatile organic compound) and isoprenoid-type cytokinins (a class of plant hormones that regulate development and senescence) are made at the same metabolic step using the same substrate in the MEP pathway. The Horizon2020 MSCA project LEAF-OF-LIFE was developed on the premise that isoprene and cytokinins interactively influence leaf development, phenotype, and senescence. The project aimed to (1) quantify age-specific changes in photosynthesis in isoprene emitting and non-emitting leaves during leaf senescence and (2) elucidate isoprene (inter) actions with phytohormones (specifically cytokinins), and characterise genomic controls on isoprenoid-mediated regulation of leaf senescence. Using Arabidopsis thaliana (an annual model plant to investigating development, phenotype, and genomics) that expressed an isoprene synthase from Eucalyptus, and hybrid poplar (a globally prominent isoprene-emitting plantation tree) where isoprene emission is suppressed via post-transcriptional gene silencing, we quantified the impact of isoprene emission on cytokinin metabolism, leaf and plant phenotype (including reproduction), photosynthesis and leaf senescence. Leaf RNA-sequencing was envisaged to identify gene regulatory elements and changes in gene expression during the life of a leaf from emergence to senescence (in presence and absence of isoprene emission). The scientific merit of LEAF-OF-LIFE is that it aimed to quantify age-specific changes in photosynthetic energy and carbon status during leaf senescence, which provides finer interpretation of phenology of autumn senescence and volatile hydrocarbon emissions from deciduous forests. The wider societal significance is that the know-how from this project promised to open-up new economically and ecologically sustainable means to manage leaf and plant senescence, by manipulating leaf isoprenoid metabolism. Characterisation of novel gene regulatory cascades involved in age-specific changes in isoprenoid biosynthesis will be spearheading new research intended to target volatile isoprenoid metabolism so as to alter leaf lifespan (delay or induce leaf senescence) in commercial crop plants.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The methyl erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway in the chloroplast synthesizes isoprenoids (a class of hydrocarbons) by almost exclusively utilising carbon and energy supplied by photosynthesis in plant leaves. Volatile isoprenoids (antioxidant hydrocarbons), isoprenoid-type cytokinins (plant ‘youth’ hormone), carotenoids (photoprotective pigments), and abscisic acid (plant ‘stress’ hormone) are some of the active isoprenoid end-products of the MEP pathway that play a role in leaf senescence. We aim to quantify and model age-specific relationships between photosynthesis and MEP pathway during natural and abiotic-stress induced leaf senescence in three different plant systems: wheat (a crop), poplar (a plantation tree) and Arabidopsis (the model species for genomics). By combining leaf age-specific chloroplast energy balance estimation through photosynthesis modelling, quantification of carbon demands of isoprenoid biosynthesis using stable isotope tracing and advanced real-time analytical techniques, monitoring plastome and chloroplast integrity, and whole-epigenome sequencing, LEAF-OF-LIFE will (i) develop a versatile quantitative method for predicting leaf senescence trajectories based on the relationship between photosynthesis and isoprenoid biosynthesis during senescence and (ii) identify novel gene cascades involved in epigenomic regulation of the MEP pathway during natural and abiotic stress-induced leaf senescence. A thorough understanding of leaf age-specific changes in energy and carbon demands of isoprenoid biosynthesis will provide a strong mechanistic basis to phenology models of autumn senescence in deciduous trees. Discovery of novel gene regulatory cascades involved in age-specific changes in isoprenoid biosynthesis will be spearheading new research intended to target MEP pathway so as to alter leaf life span (delay stress-induced leaf senescence) in major global crops and plantations.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE · RomaКоординаторИталия