H2020Индивидуална стипендия2017–2019

ARTENGINE · Artificial Life Today Anthropological and Sociological Analysis of Life Engineering

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2017-10-01 → 2019-09-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 159 461 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Биоинженерните технологии, като генетичния скрининг и редактирането на ДНК, се анализират от социологическа и антропологична гледна точка. Това помага за разбирането на етичните, правните и социалните въпроси, които възникват при промяната на живота на молекулярно ниво.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Artificial Life TodayAnthropological and Sociological Analysis of Life Engineering

Bioengineering technologies involve engineering of living artefacts, intelligent artefacts or engineering of the body. One of the most progressive aspects of this field is the use of genetic screening and DNA repair technologies, recombination of DNA. The project aimed to analyse especially genetic screening, preimplantantion genetic diagnosis (PGD). As project has been running it has focused more on recombinant DNA and editing technologies as the contemporary flagship of dealing with life on genetic or molecular level. The current applications of genome-editing and DNA repair technologies have provoked significant attention in society and raised a number of ethical and legal questions. I have analyzed various economies of hope, hype, expectations, politics, and poetics of promises and better or worse predictions or moral panic from the point of view of sociology, anthropology, and science and technology studies (STS). OVERALL OBJECTIVES were: 1) to explore the social and cultural background and the specific concerns of the use of PGD and recombination DNA in the European context (WP2) 2) to describe and analyse the cultural and social structure and forms of agency, naming, defining, and dealing with engineered life within genome editing (WP3) By meeting these analytical objectives and empirically addressing the phenomenon of life engineering, other following 3) theoretical objectives were achieved (WP1): a) contemporary technologies of life engineering, particularly PGD and DNA recombinant, employing the concept of biopower/biopolitics were analyzed; b) connections between contemporary theories of biopower and non-biological, artificial, post-human, or multi-species concepts of life were explored; c) the study of genome screening and editing technologies using the approach of today’s new materialism were used. OTHER OBJECTIVES/AIMS: Furthermore, the fellowship significantly contributed to my professional and career development (WP4, WP7). I undertook rigorous academic training and developed complementary skills. Another aim was to disseminate the research through a monograph and academic papers (WP5).

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

We are witnessing profound changes in our societies via biosciences and bio-technologization. Biotechnologies, synthetic biology, and new genetics in general represent key areas of life sciences, characterised by rapid technological and scientific development. The biotechnologies as key areas of contemporary cultural and social transformations are influenced by specific technological rationality and power that is inscribed in the very foundations of modern society. The power is biopower/biopolitics, which names, creates, and controls life. The project addresses contemporary challenges in the field of biopolitical life engineering, specifically in case of PGD (preimplantantion genetic diagnosis) technology. There is a lack of reflection on the broader social and cultural context and on the ramifications of synthetic life engineering, PGD in the Czech Republic from the anthropological and sociological points of view. These issues remain unanalysed, contributing to a lack of understanding of the specific concerns of synthetic life and life sciences in the Eastern European and post-socialist context. This proposed project will analyse social context of technology PGD in the Czech Republic in comparison with Germany. This project is guided by the main questions: How is the field of life engineering, particularly PGD technology, culturally and socially structured in the Czech Republic in comparison with Germany? What kinds and forms of agency are involved there? Are there any specific concerns in public debates relating to life engineering in comparisons of Eastern and Western Europe? The main aim of this research, which will be conducted on case studies of two European countries, is to analyse and interpret through sociological and anthropological perspective the ways in which current forms of biopower and ideas of artificial life have been influencing the social field of life engineering, especially PGD technology.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN · Frankfurt Am MainКоординаторГермания