H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2021

BrainPredictDynamics · Temporal predictions in the auditory cortex: neural mechanisms and their specificity across species and stimulus domains

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-09-01 → 2021-08-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 251 611 €
Участници: 2
Схема: MSCA-IF-GF

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Невронните механизми за предвиждане на времето, например кога ще се появи следващият звук, се проучват при гризачи и хора. Това помага да се разбере дали мозъкът функционира по един и същ начин при различни видове и стимули.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Temporal predictions in the auditory cortex: neural mechanisms and their specificity across species and stimulus domains

A recent paradigm shift in neuroscience has brought a substantial change in the way we see the brain. Instead of viewing it as an immensely complex input-output transformation organ, there is a growing consensus that its overarching function is to predict its immediate environment and minimise surprise. While the implementation of predictive processing in the brain is still being elucidated, a key challenge is to provide a unifying mechanistic explanation of neural expectations ranging from microscopic single-cell physiology, via models of interacting populations of neurons, to macroscopic signals observed non-invasively. To ground the theoretical claims that prediction propagation is a general principle of brain function, we need to understand the commonalities and boundary conditions of expectation signals across species, multiple domains (e.g., expectations of content, timing, location), and levels of complexity, from basic sensory processing to higher cognition. Temporal predictions, in particular, are a current frontier in investigating the predictive brain capacities. While the importance of timing in perception was early recognised as a key determinant of behaviour, only recently has it been brought back to the centre of neuroscience. Auditory and speech perception are the optimal testing ground for studying temporal dynamics of predictive processing in the brain, as most auditory signals only gain meaning as temporal sequences. Thus, the current project will address two key challenges: (1) to test competing theories of temporal expectation mechanisms in the auditory cortex, using invasive electrophysiology in rodents and non-invasive human neuroimaging, and (2) to establish whether basic mechanisms observed in rodents and humans generalise across stimulus domains, from simple acoustic tones to complex hierarchical speech signals.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Following a recent paradigm shift in neuroscience, the brain is often thought to generate active predictions of its environment. Neural predictions of temporal information, in particular, are a current research frontier. A key challenge is to provide a unifying mechanistic explanation of neural expectations ranging from microscopic electrophysiology, via models of interacting populations of neurons, to macroscopic signals observed non-invasively. Auditory and speech perception are the optimal testing ground for studying temporal dynamics of predictive processing in the brain, as most auditory signals only gain meaning as temporal sequences. This project aims at (1) providing a mechanistic model explaining how temporal expectations influence neural activity in auditory cortex across species (rats and humans), and (2) test whether the mechanisms established for simple auditory stimuli generalise to rich, complex and hierarchical structures characteristic of speech stimuli. These research objectives will be addressed in a coherent programme based on well-controlled psychoacoustic and psycholinguistic experiments, combining extracellular electrophysiology in rats and neuroimaging (magneto- and encephalography) in humans with novel analytic tools. By integrating knowledge from disparate fields such as systems-level neuroscience and psycholinguistics, the project will yield novel and unique evidence testing the generality (across species and stimulus domains) and specificity (regarding the proposed neural mechanisms) of the influential theories construing the brain as an inherently predictive organ. Besides its immediate research objectives, the current project is optimised to provide me with training necessary to reach professional independence, complementing my interdisciplinary expertise in an innovative research field across different species and cognitive domains, and consolidating my project coordination, management and leadership abilities.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV · MUNCHENКоординаторГермания
CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG · Hong KongХонконг, САР на Китай