H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

BEMAR · Protection-induced selection and evolution of behavior within marine reserves and the impact on fisheries sustainability

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-09-01 → 2020-12-07
Финансиране от ЕС: 170 122 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Поведението на рибите и раците в морските резервати се анализира чрез проследяване на индивиди, за да се види кои особи остават защитени. Това помага за по-доброто проектиране на защитените зони и поддържането на устойчив риболов.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Protection-induced selection and evolution of behavior within marine reserves and the impact on fisheries sustainability

Marine reserves are a valuable tool for protecting against overharvesting and are expected to support fisheries beyond their boundaries through net export of pelagic eggs and larvae and spillover of juveniles and adults. Furthermore, marine reserves may guard against fisheries induced evolutionary changes in growth and maturation schedules and help to preserve natural genetic diversity. However, little attention has been paid to the potential for selection directly on behavioural traits posed by fisheries and to the role that marine reserves may play in buffering or strengthening those processes. In the context of marine spatial protection is therefore important to evaluate how behavioural traits determine protection granted by marine reserves, and in turn how marine reserves and protection, in general, may induce changes in behaviour in the protected populations. Understanding these processes is critical to expanding our understanding of marine reserve functioning and therefore better design and implement spatial protection measures. BEMAR project aimed at understanding the interactions between individual fish behaviour and protection. On the one hand, this project investigated what are the key behavioural traits that determine protection at the individual level using a database of acoustic telemetry of >300 individuals of several species in a southern Norwegian fjord (Tvedestrand). On the other hand, it aimed at investigating changes in selection after protection using lobster and cod as case studies. Last, it aimed at detecting long-term changes in behaviour after protection using a 9yr dataset of cod in the Tvedestrand fjord. The objectives and results of this project are pioneering in that they provide, for the first time, information on the mechanisms that link fish individual behaviour and protection in marine systems. Project conclusions: although the project objectives have not been accomplished in full due to the COVID situation, we have successfully demonstrated that individual fish behaviour is the main driver of fitness within a marine reserve. We have shown that survival and selection gradients acting on body size change after protection, but such changes were not detectable in behavioural traits. On the long-run, we haven´t detected changes in behaviour that can be associated to protection meaning that there must be other mechanisms such as density-dependent effects acting on long time scales that may have an impact on the behaviour of the protected populations.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Marine reserves are a valuable tool for protecting against overharvesting and are expected to support fisheries beyond their boundaries through spillover of adult fish. However, marine reserves may set unanticipated selection regimes on fish behavior when they fail to protect a sufficiently large part of the range of movements of the animals present in the target population and there are fishing activities at the reserve boundary. Under these situations, marine reserves may generate differences in the time that each individual spends at risk to be harvested, and ultimately the fitness of the individuals. Worryingly, consistent removal of individuals that spend more time at risk may entail evolutionary consequences because the behavioral traits that might determine time at risk are likely heritable (they have been show to be repeatable, i.e. personality traits). This mechanism, termed protection-induced selection and evolution, has received support from simulation studies but lack empirical evidence. By analyzing a unique dataset that includes long-term and fjord-wide behavioral information of two cod populations from Norway, before and after reserve establishment in one of the areas, we will 1) investigate the drives of protection-induced selection, 2) the immediate effect of protection on the fitness landscape of the protected populations and 3) the long-term, evolutionary consequences for the protected individuals and the spillover effect from the marine reserve. Results will be synthesized to provide management recommendations. We forecast very timely and novel results, with high impact, that will move the knowledge frontier several steps forward and will allow a better management of marine resources with clear benefits to the society.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS · MadridКоординаторИспания