H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

CorticalSpaceShift · How altered sensory experience changes the cortex: plasticity processes in the visual cortex and their relation to ecological real-life events under shifted perception condition

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-09-01 → 2020-08-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 187 420 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-SE

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Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

How altered sensory experience changes the cortex: plasticity processes in the visual cortex andtheir relation to ecological real-life events under shifted perception condition

Our lifetime experience and past interactions with the world shape the way we act and perceive. How do these interactions forge our brain? And how does our brain adapt in order to function in an altered environment? The CorticalSpaceShift project aims to discover how virtual reality (VR) training can modulate subsequent brain activity and connectivity in healthy individuals and brain-damaged patients. The inspiration for the project comes from a rehabilitation treatment for a unique neuropathological syndrome called ‘Hemispatial neglect’ (‘neglect’). In this syndrome, right hemisphere damage (usually following a stroke) causes patients an inability to attend to and perceive sensory inputs from the left side of space. A prominent hypothesis maintains that a general imbalance in activity and connection between the two hemispheres stands in the basis of hemispatial neglect. Correspondingly, the most promising rehabilitation tool for ameliorating neglect symptoms is wearing prismatic lenses that induce a right lateral shift in the visual inputs while patients are performing a visuo-motor task ('prism adaptation'), resulting in an adaptive leftward correction of motor action to compensate for this deviation (‘adaptation aftereffects’). After prism removal, patients exhibit a re-balancing of spatial behaviour, manifested in motor tasks, visual perception, auditory perception, and even spatial cognitive tasks. While re-balancing spatial behaviour in neglect patients, prism adaptation is able to quickly induce long-lasting spatial biases in healthy individuals. However, how these behavioural changes manifest in the brain was still not elucidated. In the current project, we have created a VR-based version of prism adaptation, which can induce more powerful and experimentally controlled adaptation experience for both healthy individuals and neglect patients. The project focused on two main research questions: 1) How would VR adaptation change spontaneous and movie-driven brain activity in healthy individuals? Could we temporarily induce unbalance between hemispheres with a brief VR training experience? 2) Could we use VR-adaptation to re-balance spontaneous and movie-driven brain activity in neglect patients?

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

To properly function in daily life we need to interact with our surrounding world. How do these interactions forge our sensory cortices? And how does our visual cortex adapt in order to function in an altered environment? The proposed study combines functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and novel analysis of ecological real-life events with sensory-motor training in order to tackle these questions in both healthy and brain damaged individuals. We will use a specially designed virtual-reality-based prism-adaptation device (VR-PA) that creates a lateral shift in the user’s sensory experience, to probe experience-dependent changes in visual cortex functional connectivity. The VR-PA device will be used for rehabilitation of stroke patients suffering from an inability to attend stimuli in the left side of space (hemispatial neglect). We will explore the neuronal basis of this perceptual rehabilitation using functional connectivity methods in hemispatial neglect patients and in neurologically intact participants. We will use novel fMRI analyses to study how the severity of the perceptual impairment in neglect patients before treatment is reflected in altered pattern of intra-hemispheric connectivity in the primary visual cortex and in its connectivity with parietal areas. We will test whether exposure to VR-PA in healthy controls would result in a temporary imbalanced connectivity pattern, mimicking the patients’ condition. Conversely, in patients, VR-PA training, ameliorating perceptual deficits, would make connectivity patterns more similar to those of an intact brain. Multiple behavioural and physiological measures will be acquired during the training to identify key behavioural triggers of cortical plasticity. Combining the researcher's expertise in functional connectivity and the host specialization in multisensory-motor plasticity would create a platform for novel discoveries in the field of training-induced plasticity and its translational applications.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE VAUDOIS · LausanneКоординаторШвейцария