H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

ODYSSEA · Population Dynamics in the Southeast European Neolithic: Prehistoric Archaeology and Palaeogenomics

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-10-01 → 2020-09-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 159 461 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Взаимоотношенията между първите земеделци и ловците-събирачи в Югоизточна Европа се анализират чрез древна ДНК и археологически находки. Това помага да се разбере как е станало разпространението на земеделието и по какви пътища са мигрирали хората.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Population Dynamics in the Southeast European Neolithic: Prehistoric Archaeology and Palaeogenomics

The Neolithic or agricultural ‘revolution’ is widely seen as a cornerstone of modern productive economy and as one of the most essential driving forces behind the sustained population growth since the beginning of the Holocene, c. 11,600 years ago. Early European agriculture is thought to have originated in Southwest Asia, where plants and animals were domesticated after a long process, in which foragers first settled down into village communities and became increasingly reliant on local resources and environments for their subsistence. There are still considerable uncertainties regarding the origins of Europe’s first farmers and the nature of interactions between farmers and foragers. Neither the exact source of that ancestry trail, nor the demographics that sustained such a large population expansion are known, leaving important questions unanswered, such as: how many farmers migrated into Europe? Was there only one wave of migration or several? What was the size of populations at the wave front? Etc. Recent advances in whole-genome ancient DNA research have shed new light on the dispersal of early farmers with their domestic plants and animals. Combined with other biomolecular proxies, such as stable dietary isotopes, and more traditional archaeological markers, such as burial practices, population genetics using ancient DNA provides a framework to explore the relatively complex interactions between farmers and foragers, who lived side by side in key frontier regions like the Danube Gorge in today’s Serbia and Romania, and the Eastern Marmara region in Turkey. This project, integrating ancient DNA with high-resolution archaeological data, aimed to address how, in a practical sense, early farmers interacted with foragers, as well as with other farmers, during the initial phases of agricultural spread in Southeast Europe (c. 6,600-5,950 BC cal.). The role of indigenous foragers in the adoption of agriculture has often been overlooked and provides vital clues about one of the most important transitions in human history, with repercussions that are still felt today.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

“Population dynamics in the Southeast European Neolithic” is an interdisciplinary project, focusing on the Neolithic transition, a major turning point in human history, when people domesticated plants and animals, and built the first permanent villages. The work of the Palaeogenetics Group in Mainz shows that the first European farmers probably migrated from Anatolia, one of the first regions to adopt agriculture after food plants and animals were domesticated in Southwest Asia. The question that this project addresses is how, in a practical sense, early farmers interacted with foragers, as well as with other farmers, during the initial phases of agricultural spread in Southeast Europe. For instance, is there any evidence that early farmers and foragers lived side by side? If so, did they admix to any significant extent? What was the population structure of early farming communities? And how did the structure of Neolithic settlements affect farmer-forager and farmer-farmer interactions? Specifically, the project will test archaeologically-informed population models and provide context in terms of where ancient DNA results produced by the Palaeogenetics Group sit archaeologically. This will help to lead the field of palaeogenetics from its continental and large-scale oriented perspective towards finer-scale population genetic inference at regional, site-specific or even household levels. For archaeology, this is an opportunity to reclaim the field of prehistoric migrations and engage with the latest results of aDNA research. In the course of the project, I hope to establish myself as an archaeologist who is able to critically evaluate approaches and techniques used in statistical genomics, in order to help bridge the gap and bring prehistoric archaeology and palaeogenomics closer together.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITAT MAINZ · MainzКоординаторГермания