H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

GROUP MOVEMENT · Vocal and visual mechanisms behind coordinated group movement

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-05-15 → 2020-05-14
Финансиране от ЕС: 159 461 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Звуковите сигнали, с които птиците се координират при движение в група, се изследват в условия на човешки шум. Разбирането на тези механизми помага да се разбере защо шумът води до бърз спад в биоразнообразието.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Vocal and visual mechanisms behind coordinated group movement

Anthropogenic noise (human generated noise) can be heard throughout almost the entire planet, and, aside from other negative effects such as increased stress, this noise can cause large swift declines in bird abundance and species richness. Currently the planet is losing biodiversity at high rates which can have far reaching effects across habitats and processes, including those ecosystem services we rely on. How anthropogenic noise may be causing these declines in biodiversity remains unclear, but anthropogenic noise masking (drowning out) important signals seems to be a key factor. While anthropogenic noise is known to mask important signals like songs and anti-predator warning calls, declines that happen when anthropogenic noise is introduced happen very quickly, even within as little as four days. This suggests that the sounds masked may be more commonly used than sexual or anti-predator signals. One type of call that is used almost all the time by many species are ‘contact calls’ – calls used by groups of individuals to stay together and coordinate group movement through their habitat. Contact calls are thought to be especially important in habitats with visual barriers like forests as calls travel a lot farther in those types of habitats and can provide information about many different individuals at one time. While vocal coordination of group movement in mammals is somewhat understood, evidence regarding how calls function to maintain group cohesion and coordinate group movement in social bird species is rare. To determine if anthropogenic noise masking contact calls can impact flocking behaviour, the mechanisms behind how these calls are used by individuals to coordinate group movement must be understood. To accomplish this, it is necessary to track not only the position of each individual in the flock, but to determine which individuals are calling from where and when. Combining this with controlled environmental manipulations of both the acoustic and visual environment, we can ask targeted questions about how flocks change their group behaviour and calls to maintain flock cohesion and coordinate movement. Our objective with this project is to determine how anthropogenic noise may be causing declines in species diversity through masking contact calls. To accomplish this our goal is to answer the following two questions: (1) how to individuals and groups use calls to affect the behaviour of the group and coordinate group movement, and (2) how does the visual and acoustic environment affect the use of vocal coordination of group movement.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Anthropogenic noise is ubiquitous across the world and, aside from other negative effects, causes declines in abundance and species richness in birds. How anthropogenic noise does this is not yet well understood, although it is probably because anthropogenic noise disrupts biologically important signals. One such important signal that has received considerable attention in primates and cetaceans but little in birds are calls used to coordinate group movement. Historically, research examining collective movement has focused on free-flying murmurations to determine how individuals’ behaviour impacts group movement. However, these models do not include visual and physical impediments that occur in many habitats (i.e. forests) and assume that information is transferred by visual, not vocal cues. Conversely, research examining vocalizations in groups, has focused on correlations between group movement and vocal behaviour, not accounting for effects of the movement and vocal behaviour of all individuals on their neighbours. To establish the mechanisms behind how birds use vocalizations to coordinate group movement, and the effect of anthropogenic noise on their ability to do this, I will combine a vocal communication approach with the mathematical modelling of collective movement to analyse fine-scale 3D spatio-temporal data collected from starling flocks in semi-natural conditions to determine: (1) what vocalizations are used during group movement; (2) how birds use vocalizations to coordinate group movement; and (3) how anthropogenic noise affects a flock’s ability to coordinate group movement. These data will establish a fundamental understanding of how vocalizations mediate group movement allowing for us to determine the impact of anthropogenic noise on this behaviour, and will provide the foundation for further study into other vocally mediated behaviours.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV · MUNCHENКоординаторГермания