H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

MAGMATS · The effects of magmatic systems maturation on geophysical signals recorded in volcanic areas.

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-05-01 → 2020-04-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 185 076 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-CAR

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Магматичните системи се анализират, за да се разбере как промяната в съотношението между течност, газове и кристали влияе върху сеизмичните вълни и деформацията на земната повърхност. Това помага за по-точното разчитане на геофизичните изображения и по-добрата оценка на вулканичните рискове.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

The effects of magmatic systems maturation on geophysical signals recorded in volcanic areas.

Volcanic eruptions are fed from magmatic plumbing system composed of multiple magma reservoirs and conduits. A major challenge in volcanology is determining how much liquid magma is present beneath volcanoes. Magmas are a mixture of liquid, gas, and crystal. When a magma is transferred from a deep and hot reservoir to a shallower and cooler reservoir it slowly cools down, crystallizes, and releases gases. When a magma contains more crystals than liquid, it becomes locked and cannot erupt. Magmas have physical properties that differ from solid rocks. For example, seismic waves propagate more slowly in magmas and magmas are better conductor of electricity than solid rocks. Those variations in physical properties can be detected with geophysical techniques. They are used to produce tomographic images of the crust beneath volcano and try to detect magma reservoirs. Unfortunately, it is difficult to distinguish between a magma relatively poor in gas and rich in liquid that is able to feed eruptions from a magma poor in liquid and rich in gas that is locked underground. Another way to detect a magma reservoir is by measuring ground deformation. When a magma reservoir is pressurized because of the arrival of new magma from depth or because large volumes of gases are released by magma crystallization, the ground surface above the reservoir is uplifted. Here again, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of gas transfer from the effect of magma transfer. The aim of this project was to model the exsolution of gas from a solidifying magma chamber and to determine how geophysical signals evolve with the maturation of a magmatic system. Our objective was to improve our ability to interpret geophysical images and to evaluate volcanic risks. We have produced new algorithms to simulate the release of gas during a magma body growth and solidification. Our simulations shows the decoupling between gas and magma and that gas accumulate in the solidified part of the magma body. Sudden gas release explains episodic ground deformation recorded in volcanic areas.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The analysis and interpretation of geophysical signals and images are used to monitor active volcanoes and determine the presence and characteristics of magma chambers. The signals that are measured and inversed, i.e. seismic wave velocities, densities, electrical resistivities, or ground deformation, depend on rocks temperature, melting degree and volatile content. Those parameters are interdependent and evolve in time as the magma system grows and matures. We propose to numerically simulate the long-term evolution of magmatic systems and model the corresponding geophysical images and signals. Our objective is to determine how the history and maturation of a system affect the geophysical record and to help improving the interpretation of this record. A major challenge encountered by geophysists is the non-uniqueness of solutions in a multiparameter space, in particular the difficulty to distinguish the effect of melts and of volatiles. To tackle this issue, we will develop codes that compute the exsolution of volatiles and the development hydrothermal circulation. The model will be applied to four different volcanoes: Uturuncu (Bolivia), Campi Flegrei (Italy), Merapi (Indonesia), and Krafla (Iceland). The fellowship objective will be reached through the joint efforts of experienced researcher Annen who is an expert in modelling the evolution of magma chambers, supervisor Revil who is an expert in geophysical inversions and hydrothermal systems, and the team of volcano geophysists of Institute of Earth Science at University Savoie Mont-Blanc (France). It will allow Annen to resume her scientific career after a two-year break, doing cutting-edge science in a highly dynamic environment.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

UNIVERSITE SAVOIE MONT BLANC · ChamberyКоординаторФранция