H2020Индивидуална стипендия2018–2020

LAKEBOS · The role of cattle at Prehistoric lake-dwelling sites in Switzerland: an investigation of husbandry practices and the spread of cultural influence.

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2018-09-15 → 2020-12-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 175 420 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

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Накратко на български

Останките от праисторически говеда в Швейцария разкриват как се е разпространявало земеделието през неолита и бронзовата епоха. Разбирането на тези древни практики помага да се проследи адаптацията на животновъдството към различните среди, което дава историческа перспектива за съвременното земеделие.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

The role of cattle at Prehistoric lake-dwelling sites in Switzerland: an investigation of husbandry practices and the spread of cultural influence.

The spread of livestock animals and farming practices through Europe during the Neolithic period is thought to have involved two dispersal routes: 1. along the Danube corridor and through central Europe, and 2. around the Mediterranean littoral, resulting in a continental route focused on cattle husbandry and a caprine focused coastal route. These broad husbandry patterns became embedded in these regions, resulting in the establishment of cattle-based cultures in central Europe and caprine based cultures in the Mediterranean region, a pattern which continued into the Bronze Age and beyond. Switzerland, with its long heritage of cattle husbandry, is located between the paths of these two routes, and is an area where their influences met and interacted, it is also home to large well preserved and precisely dated assemblages of cattle remains, recovered from wetland contexts, which provide a rare opportunity to study early European animal husbandry in unprecedented temporal detail. LAKEBOS will use prehistoric Swiss cattle remains as a proxy to answer the question: How did agricultural innovation spread through the area now occupied by modern Switzerland during the Neolithic and Bronze Age? It will do this using zooarchaeological and archaeogenetic techniques. Cattle are some of the most important livestock animals for food production in Europe, and it is vital to understand more about the history of our relationship with this animal for future agricultural planning. The project will investigate the flexibility of prehistoric people to adapt their livestock husbandry to changing and varied environments, and this knowledge will provide an important historical perspective to the present day activity of farmers.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The development of farming in the Neolithic fundamentally changed human life. Livestock animals and farming innovations are thought to have spread across Europe during the Neolithic period via two distinct dispersal routes: 1. along the Danube corridor and through central Europe and 2. along the Mediterranean coast. This resulted in two distinctive cultural areas linked with particular modes of animal husbandry; a central European area with cultures based on cattle herding, and a Mediterranean area with cultures based on caprine husbandry. These husbandry patterns became embedded in these regions and remained the focus of agricultural practices into the Bronze Age and beyond. Switzerland is located between these two geographical and cultural regions and the Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures here represent a rare meeting and interaction point between them, yet very little work has explored the nature of this. Switzerland also has many large assemblages of perfectly preserved faunal remains from prehistoric lake dwelling sites where precise dating of different settlement phases can be achieved, representing a rare opportunity for the study of human-animal interactions with incredible temporal precision.The LAKEBOS project will use cattle, the most common domestic species at Swiss prehistoric sites, and a vital part of the new Neolithic farming ‘package’, as a proxy for investigating the way in which prehistoric agricultural practices from central European and Mediterranean cultures passed through this region and interacted with each other. It will use archaeozoological methods to investigate body size and shape change and demographic fluctuations on both a spatial and temporal scale. It will also use ancient DNA to investigate the potential for the introduction of new cattle groups into the region. The spread of agricultural innovations across Europe is the focus of some of the most important debates in archaeology, and this project will provide a vital contribution.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

UNIVERSITAT BASEL · BaselКоординаторШвейцария