H2020Индивидуална стипендия2019–2021

EXPAND · Examining pan-neotropical diasporas

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2019-06-01 → 2021-05-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 160 932 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Климатичните промени в Южна Америка са изследвани, за да се разбере дали разширяването на горите е помогнало на земеделците от Амазония да мигрират. Това помага за разбирането на динамиката на човешките миграции при променяща се околна среда.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Examining pan-neotropical diasporas

The ExPaND (Examining Pan-Neotropical Diasporas) project integrates archaeology, paleoecology and computer modelling to test the role of climate change in the dispersal of tropical forest farmers out of Amazonia during the late Holocene. The expansion of farmers and their languages was a key process in shaping cultural and linguistic geographies across the globe. Many such expansions have recently been shown to coincide with periods of climate change, which would have offered both opportunities and constraints for human migrations. South America offers a perfect case study, with major cultural diasporas occurring over the last 5000 years - a period of increasing precipitation and expansion of forests. With 200 million people estimated to become migrants due to sea-level rise, desertification and other environmental hazards in the next 30 years, understanding human migration dynamics in response to climate change is a topic that reaches far beyond archaeology. The objective of the project was to test whether climate-driven forest expansion during the late Holocene facilitated the spread of cultures practising polyculture agroforestry (forest farming) from the Amazon to other parts of lowland South America. This was accomplished by compiling archaeological and palaeoeclogical data that could be integrated in an agent-based model (computer simulation) of human expansions in scenarios of climate change. If late Holocene climate change had a role in the migration of South American cultures, it was expected that simulations including the environment as a constraint to human settlement should replicate the archaeological chronology more accurately than those where movement happened regardless of the environment.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

The expansion of farmers and their languages was a key process in shaping cultural geographies across the globe during the late Holocene. Many human expansions in the past are linked to periods of climate change, which would have offered opportunities and constraints for migrations. In lowland South America, the extent of major language families coincides with the expansion of archaeological traditions ~3-2 kyr BP together with the dissemination of polyculture agroforestry. This period was marked by increased precipitation and forest expansion, as documented in paleoecological and paleoclimate records, ultimately suggesting that climate change may have played a role in tropical farmers' diasporas by expanding the areas where polyculture agroforestry could be practised. However, an evaluation of that hypothesis is hampered by the lack of unified archaeological databases, absence of land cover reconstructions for the late Holocene, and poor integration of archaeology and paleoecology in South America. To overcome those drawbacks, this project will integrate continent-wide archaeological and paleoecological datasets through computer modeling architecture to test the role of environmental drivers in late Holocene cultural diasporas. I will compile all available dates, coordinates and cultural information for late Holocene archaeological sites in lowland South America, model vegetation changes from all available paleoecological records, and integrate those datasets using state-of-the-art computational modeling techniques. I will employ agent-based modeling to simulate scenarios of climate-driven human expansions that will be tested based on the empirical archaeological data gathered over the course of the project. By integrating archaeology, paleoecology and computer modeling to address crucial questions about past human migrations, this project will bring lowland South America to the forefront of the debate about climate change and human population dynamics.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA · BarcelonaКоординаторИспания