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H2020Обмен на изследователи2020–2025

MAD · Mechanisms of Apomictic Developments

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период
2020-12-01 → 2025-11-30
Финансиране от ЕС
952 200 €
Участници
11
Схема
MSCA-RISE

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Апомиксисът е процес, при който растенията създават семена с матерински ембриони без сексуално размножаване. Разбирането на тези механизми помага за по-бързо създаване на местни сортове култури, което подобрява продоволствената сигурност при климатични промени.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Mechanisms of Apomictic Developments

Numerous plants evolved the ability to form seeds harbouring maternal embryos, an intriguing phenomenon, known as apomixis. By allowing the development of true-breeding crops, harnessing apomixis would revolutionize agriculture. In particular, faster and cheaper plant breeding could yield locally adapted varieties and, therefore, help mitigate climate changes by making agrosystems more efficient for food security. While apomixis has remained an enigma for plant biologists and a long-awaited tool by breeders and farmers, the recent advances in plant biotechnologies have provided valuable information to understand sexual reproduction in plants and, occasionally, to redirect the sexual development program toward apomixis-like reproductive modes. They also have opened the route for investigating apomictic species at unprecedented, cellular and molecular levels. The MAD (Mechanisms of Apomictic Developments) project has established an international, research and training network aimed at contributing significantly to our understanding of key mechanisms involved in redirecting sexuality towards apomixis, and, consequently, at overcoming the barriers that prevent breeders and farmers from reaping the benefits of apomixis. In particular, the project has offered the junior and experienced participating scientists a transparent decision-making and gender balanced framework and provided them a wide range of opportunities to gain skills in rapidly growing technologies such as DNA/RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, live-cell imaging and image data analysis. The project also succeeded in promoting partner visibility through conferences and workshops organization; communicating results to the scientific community through articles and conference participation, and; reaching the general public through a regularly updated web site and social networks. Finally, the work has generated exploitable results for pursuing the characterization of apomictic developments and for providing resources for the on-going initiatives aiming at synthetic apomixis in major crops.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Apomixis in plants allows the formation of seeds carrying maternal embryos. While absent in major food crops, it occurs in many plants, including wild relatives of cereals and species of economical interest such as forage grasses and fruit trees. This unique reproductive mode can be achieved through many paths, all involving alterations in the orchestration of the developmental programs underlying sexual reproduction. Since it allows the use of a natural carrier, the seed, for propagating the best genotypes regardless of their constitution, apomixis represents a revolutionary tool for plant breeding programs and for reducing the costs of improved variety seeds. Despite wide-cross breeding programs to introduce the trait in cereals and decades of research using both sexual plant models and apomictic species, apomixis remains an enigma for plant biologists and a long-awaited tool by breeders and farmers. Functional analyses in Arabidopsis and maize have provided valuable molecular information to understand sexual reproduction and, occasionally, to explore alterations yielding phenotypes reminiscent of apomixis. On the other hand, the recent advances in « omics » tools and biotechnologies have opened the route for investigating apomictic species at unprecedented, cellular and molecular levels. The MAD (Mechanisms of Apomictic Developments) project will establish an international, research and training network aiming at contributing significantly to our understanding of key mechanisms involved in redirecting sexuality in plants towards apomixis. It bridges critical knowledge and biological resources recently generated by collaborative efforts in the field of apomixis biology, and novel expertise in plant reproductive biology, biotechnology and breeding by aggregating new partners. Through research, training and dissemination actions, the project will clarify the genetic architecture of apomixis and support the deployment of innovative strategies in crop improvement.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

Връзки

Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз