H2020Индивидуална стипендия2020–2022

INSANE · Joint Species And Niche Evolution

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2020-06-01 → 2022-05-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 184 708 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF-EF-ST

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Връзката между еволюцията на нишите (специфичната среда на един вид) и скоростта, с която се появяват нови видове или изчезват стари, се анализира чрез нови математически модели. Това помага да се разбере защо някои групи организми са много по-разнообразни от други.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Joint Species And Niche Evolution

The great diversity of species, each with their specific ecologies, was brought about by speciation and extinction events (diversification), concomitant with the evolution of their species-specific niches. Why some groups accumulate higher numbers of species and/or include more dissimilar species is a central yet still a hotly debated question in evolutionary biology. Biological theory suggests that environmental and species characteristics might explain such variation in the evolution of niches and the accumulation of species in different taxonomic groups. However, hitherto, available models to study diversification and niche evolution remain simplistic and do not allow a direct test of how diversification is associated with niche evolution. The aim of this project is to study how diversification is related to niche evolution and environmental factors and, to achieve this, develop new models that are sufficiently flexible to enable a direct link between these two evolutionary processes. Main objectives: i) To develop flexible niche evolution models that allow for rates of evolutionary change to vary across lineages using dimensional species' niches. ii) To develop flexible diversification models that allow speciation and extinction rates to fluctuate through time and across species and can incorporate fossil information. iii) To develop a joint model of niche evolution and species diversification where we can test if a given niche and its rate of change has an effect on diversification. iv) Apply these models to empirical datasets. The fellow developed the mathematical, computational and biological foundation make inference on time and species-specific diversification and niche evolution rates (see Figs 1-3). These models provide the basis in which to study how biotic and abiotic factors have driven niche and species diversification. They integrate paleontological and neontological evidence to understanding the origin and maintenance of biodiversity (Fig 1,2). The fellow applied the diversification models to understand mammal diversification history: using a time-calibrated tree for Mammals, results showed that, contrary to the idea of a suppressed mammalian diversification before the K-Pg mass extinction event (i.e., 66 Mya when most of the dinosaurs went extinct), mammal actually increased their speciation rates before (Fig 3). These developments represent significant mathematical, computational, and biological advancements that will enable examining so far untestable classic evolutionary hypotheses.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Understanding the tempo and mode of species diversification and concomitant ecological divergence has been a long-sought goal in evolutionary biology. As clades diversify, disparity in niches typically increases when new lineages colonize previously unfilled zones of niche space. Despite its critical importance in understanding life’s evolution, the universality of an interdependence between species diversification and niche evolution, as well as the directionality and drivers of this association, are still poorly understood. This is presumably attributable to the inherent computational and mathematical challenges to develop process-generating models that would couple diversification and niche evolutionary dynamics and the limited availability of extensive and comparable datasets to characterize niches over large radiations integrating neontological and paleontological data. In this project, I will first develop much-needed novel flexible models that allow joint inference on coupled diversification and trait evolution dynamics by allowing joint rate-heterogeneity for radiations of considerable size. Subsequently, I will enhance biological realism by expanding to multivariate evolution of traits, better characterizing the niche concept, and by integrating paleontological data. Finally, I will allow inference on biotic and abiotic drivers of the interrelationship of species and niche diversification. These models will enable examining hitherto untestable classic evolutionary hypotheses in a formal framework on the feedback between diversification and niche evolution, at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. By applying these models to big scale curated datasets of species-level niches and recently available phylogenetic trees for thousands of species and the ability to integrate fossil information, I will substantially increase our understanding on how biodiversity, both in terms of richness and niches, is generated.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE · ParisКоординаторФранция