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КартаВръзкиТемиБългарияНощта (K-TRIO)Мария Склодовска-КюриЗа ученициЗа учителиМетодологияИзненадай ме
H2020Обмен на изследователи2021–2025

POLYPLOID · THE POLYPLOIDY PARADIGM AND ITS ROLE IN PLANT BREEDING

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период
2021-04-01 → 2025-09-30
Финансиране от ЕС
883 200 €
Участници
9
Схема
MSCA-RISE

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Полиплоидията при растенията е процес на удвояване на хромозомите, който променя генетиката и физиологията им. Разбирането на тези промени помага за подобряване на селекцията на културните растения.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

THE POLYPLOIDY PARADIGM AND ITS ROLE IN PLANT BREEDING

Plants can undergo spontaneous chromosome number duplication, or polyploidization, which is a major evolutionary trigger. While all seed plants have experienced at least one round of whole genome duplication in their history, it tends to be an isolated event within diploids. Plant breeders are aware of the potential of polyploidization for crop improvement. The present project focused on filling the knowledge gaps about non-model species regarding chromosomal changes, gene loss, gene expression, methylation and physiological changes, and ecological features. The project will encourage synergy between European and international expertise, aiming to facilitate plant breeding. The POLYPLOID Consortium involves nine partner institutions, six from 4 MS (Italy, Ireland, Spain, Netherlands) and three from TD (New Zealand, Argentina, and USA). It will have a sizable impact above and beyond those involved in the exchanges at different levels related to career prospects and the establishment of lasting research collaboration. This proposal aimed at strengthening and/or initiating partnerships between these groups, all focused on either model plants or crops, therefore facilitating interactions between fundamental and applied aspects of plant research. Therefore, POLYPLOID represents an attractive staff exchange platform for sharing knowledge and technical expertise and familiarizing with multicultural working environments. Enhancing the career prospects embraces the technical aspects of the research conducted and the capacity to design creative experiments, manage an interdisciplinary project in a multicultural environment, and acquire communication tools. This consolidates previous collaborations and generates opportunities for new ones within the Consortium. The action has succeeded in meeting the objectives posed for the second term of the project. Completed secondments allowed the follow-up of established research and the achievement of the common goals of participants. Some articles derived from the joint work were published or submitted to scientific journals.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Polyploidization is a major force in the evolution of both wild and cultivated plants. The remarkable superiority of polyploids has been noticed plant breeders, who have used this trait in different approaches in order to obtain increasingly improved plant cultivars. Moreover, polyploidization is likely to be one of the most important mechanisms of sympatric speciation. All seed plants have experienced at least one round of whole genome duplication in their evolutionary history. The formation of polyploid plants within diploid populations tends to be isolated events. And even when a polyploid individual is formed, to reproduce it will cross with diploids, and this match is unsuccessful for the existence of the “triploid block”, a critical biological barrier in the production of viable seeds. Many species are sensitive to triploid seed production, but not all. Little is known about how polyploid plants were formed in nature and the way that triploid block has emerged in plants. Therefore, understanding of the genetic network controlling the triploid block will be fundamental since this is a preliminary step in the generation of polyploids. Here we propose: i) to study natural and recently synthesized polyploid series of several species that have been extensively characterized in the past few decades from the physiological, reproductive and ecological aspects; ii) to fill the gaps in the information on non-model species regarding: chromosomal changes, gene loss, gene expression, methylation and physiological changes and ecological features and iii) to understand the genetic network controlling the triploid block viability. The overall goal of the proposal is to allow for a synergy of inter-related European and international expertise to better understand the mechanisms of polyploidization and to facilitate the application of this increased knowledge in plant breeding.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

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Връзки

Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз