H2020Индивидуална стипендия2021–2024

CessOmics · CessOmics, using cesspits to assess past population interactions and the evolution of microbiomes and viromes

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2021-05-01 → 2024-11-27
Финансиране от ЕС: 219 312 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Осадките в стари канали и ями за отпадъци разкриват как урбанизацията и индустриализацията са променили микробите и вирусите в човешкото тяло. Тези данни помагат да се разбере загубата на микробно разнообразие и как историческите промени влияят на здравето ни днес.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

CessOmics, using cesspits to assess past population interactions and the evolution of microbiomes and viromes

The CessOmics project focuses on understanding how major historical transitions, such as urbanization, globalization, and industrialization, have influenced human-associated microbiomes and viromes over time. By analyzing cesspit sediments—an underutilized molecular archive—this project reconstructs the evolution of microbial communities and their relationship to human behavior, health, and environmental changes. It also investigates human bacteriophage diversity as a novel tool for assessing population interactions and mobility. This research is highly relevant to modern society, as it sheds light on declining microbiome diversity caused by industrialized diets and provides insights into the historical interplay between microbial communities, adaptation, and disease. Beyond health implications, the project contributes to fields like microbiome restoration, phage therapeutics, and environmental sustainability, offering solutions to societal and industrial challenges while aligning with European policy objectives on health and innovation. CessOmics pursued three primary scientific objectives: Co-evolution of human gut communities over time on a population level – To analyze lipidomic and genomic data from cesspits and fecal samples across time and geography, revealing the evolutionary trajectory of human-associated microbial communities. Impact of cultural transitions on the gut microbiome and virome – To evaluate how historical transitions affected microbial diversity and composition, with a focus on urbanization, globalization, and industrialization. Enhancing population interaction resolution through viruses – To use human bacteriophage diversity to investigate population mobility and interactions, providing a novel perspective on historical human behavior. The project also included five complementary training objectives, focusing on developing technical and professional skills in DNA extraction, bioinformatics, virome analysis, and dissemination. CessOmics successfully achieved many of its research, training, and dissemination goals, overcoming challenges such as COVID-19 restrictions and maternity leave. Highlights include: Lipidomic and genomic analysis of over 160 samples, offering groundbreaking insights into the evolution of ancient microbiomes and viromes. Detection of viruses in samples up to 50,000 years old, representing a significant advancement in virome research. The establishment of foundational knowledge for future studies, such as multiomic approaches to prehistoric fecal material, which support ongoing grant applications and manuscript preparations. The project has demonstrated the value of cesspit sediments in uncovering historical human behavior, environmental impacts, and microbial evolution. Its interdisciplinary approach and innovative findings pave the way for future research in areas such as phage therapeutics, microbiome restoration, and ancient metabolomics, with implications for societal health, environmental sustainability, and European innovation strategies.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, inhabit the human intestinal tract. This community, known as the gut microbiome and virome, profoundly impacts essential biological functions such as metabolism, immunity and behavior, and provides biological adaptations that we did not evolve on our own. While our microbial partners and their viruses have co-speciated with humans over millions of years, most of our knowledge comes from microbiome studies conducted on urban industrialized populations, while viruses have so far been the forgotten siblings of the microbiome family. How much has this gastrointestinal community diverged from its ancestral state? What was the impact of population migrations, and other critical historical transitions into our gut microbiome and virome? Archaeological materials such as mummified tissues, coprolites and dental calculus have the potential to shed light on our shared evolutionary journey, but not at the scale and resolution of historical cesspits, the focus of CessOmics. Cesspits are common, well-preserved features in archaeological sites that preserve everything from microfossils to the eggs of gut parasites. However, they have historically been overlooked as rich sources of molecular information. By analyzing the faecal lipids, bacterial and viral DNA from these historical cesspits, CessOmics will dive deep into the complex microbiome and virome preserved in cesspit sediments to illuminate the migrations and interactions of communities, examining their evolving gut microbiome and virome. By combining multiple molecular records that encompass the bacterial and viral fractions, we stand on the edge of a potential breakthrough in our ability to explore the evolution of the human gut community.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET · KOBENHAVNКоординаторДания