H2020Индивидуална стипендия2022–2024

MU-MED · Measuring and Understanding Mortality, its Exposures, and its Determinants in developing countries

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2022-09-01 → 2024-12-31
Финансиране от ЕС: 212 934 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Смъртността в развиващите се страни се анализира чрез данни от Индия, като се проследява спадът в продължителността на живота по време на пандемията. Това помага да се разберат социалните неравенства в здравето и да се подобрят методите за измерване на смъртността.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Measuring and Understanding Mortality, its Exposures, and its Determinants in developing countries

In most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), data on all-cause mortality are deficient. In addition to public discussion, healthcare decision-making, and policy responses, this constrains scientific understanding of levels, trends, and distribution of mortality (by gender, socioeconomic status, or other key markers of heterogeneity). This project focused on improving mortality estimation in India, the most populous country in the world, and a country with poor population health. The focus was on methodological innovation, using novel data, and investigating inequalities. This research was even more urgent given the paucity of data during the pandemic in most LMICs. This project provided an assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, using data collected at regular intervals by the demographic and health surveys. It established that this data was high-quality, and helped provide the first empirical estimates of life expectancy declines during the pandemic in India. It found large impacts of the pandemic – overall life expectancy declined by 2.6 years between 2019 and 2020. The project was also the first to establish that these declines in life expectancy were unequally distributed – female life expectancy declined more than male life expectancy, and marginalized groups experienced greater reductions in mortality. These results point out that pandemics can worsen existing social inequalities in health and mortality in LMICs. They also point to the possibility of measuring mortality reliably in LMIC settings, and in particular highlight the strengths of large-scale surveys that include mortality questions. In related goals, the project provided methods for mortality estimation using data that asks households to report on recent deaths of household members. The project also assessed if longitudional data collection efforts which track mortality of adults between survey waves can help measure mortality. The outcome for both exercises was yes. In the context of the pandemic, the project also helped assess the reliability and completeness of civil registration data. These goals are important for society because reducing mortality and improving health are fundamental human objectives. They are included in the sustainable development goals. Similarly, advancing methodologies and data science approaches that can help monitor mortality in low and middle income countries can help guide policy priorities and public discussions.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Records of births, deaths, and people alive are some of the most important statistics that are collected and analysed by states and societies. In many developing countries, however, these records are deficient. These limitations constrain public policy, health responses, and scientific knowledge. The research project I propose, MU-MED (Measuring and Understanding Mortality, its Exposures, and its Determinants in developing countries) aims to radically improve the measurement and understanding of population health in low and middle-income countries. Contributing to the monitoring and achievement of the global Sustainable Development Goals, the project develops novel methods to measure mortality in developing countries and examine its determinants. Focusing on India in this project, I will estimate mortality rates, life expectancies, and standard errors of life table quantities at all ages from sample surveys and civil registration systems. Additionally, I will examine social determinants of mortality, calculating the first set of life expectancies by slum residence; caste, religion, and social group; and social class, as measured by household wealth and occupational categories. Finally, I will examine the impact of environmental exposures such as heat and humidity, floods, and air pollution on mortality. Together, the scientific papers from this proposal will improve scientific understanding of the level, trends, and determinants of mortality in developing countries. Because the research outlined here focuses on improving measurement of mortality, it will be of value to the wider research and global policy community. The research will inform public policy and public discussion within developing countries, as well as in global organizations such as the UN and the WHO, by suggesting intervention priorities for health improvements in developing countries. It will also help countries, researchers, and organizations assess the impact of health interventions.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD · OxfordКоординаторОбединеното кралство