H2020Индивидуална стипендия2021–2023

PDgate · Plasmodesmata: gatekeepers for cell-to-cell viral spread in plants

„Хоризонт 2020“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2021-05-01 → 2023-04-30
Финансиране от ЕС: 174 806 €
Участници: 1
Схема: MSCA-IF

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.

Накратко на български

Плазмодезмите са канали между растителните клетки, през които вирусите преминават, за да заразят цялото растение. Разбирането на този механизъм помага за създаването на нови устойчиви сортове култури, които да предпазят световната продоволствена сигурност.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Plasmodesmata: gatekeepers for cell-to-cell viral spread in plants

Viruses cause epidemics on all major cultures of agronomic importance, representing a serious threat to global food security. Widely employed in fields, the use of plant varieties carrying genetic resistances constitutes the most effective, economic, and ecological measure to control viral infections. However, these virus control measures are not available for all viruses and crops, and resistance can be overcome by evolved and new viruses. The emergence and spread of infectious viral diseases is associated to intrinsic viral and host components, as well as to environmental, agronomical and socioeconomical factors. Importantly, global warming and climate instability increase the difficulties in controlling viral diseases and promote the proliferation and expansion of emerging viruses. As obligate pathogens, viruses rely on the host machinery to multiply and invade their host. For successful infection, plant viruses must propagate from the initially infected cells to the rest of the plant. Cell-to-cell movement is critical for spread, and thus an ideal point for creating resistance. First, the virus moves intracellularly from the replication sites to plasmodesmata (PD), which are cytoplasmic communication channels crucial for the development and physiology of the plant. PD regulate the transport of signaling molecules such as proteins, RNAs, hormones, and metabolites. Selected molecules can pass PD on various different routes and PD can act as gatekeepers, indicating that they are complex machines. Plant viruses can exploit PD and has the ability to gate them increasing the size exclusion limit, enabling the spread of infectious particles. However, the ‘receptors’ by which viruses recognize PD and the mechanism of transport remain largely unidentified. The mission of the PDgate project is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms used by plant viruses to exploit and spread through PD. This project offers the opportunity to identify and characterize potential targets for the development of improved crop plants against plant viruses, which is especially important for food production and food security. Since a new generation of resistant crops will be generated, it would also reduce pesticide use and minimize the spread of viruses due to global trade.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Viruses cause epidemics on all major crops of agronomic importance, representing a serious threat to agriculture and global food security. Among plant viruses, those induced by RNA are of particular concern due to their overrepresentation and the lack of effective countermeasures. As obligate intracellular parasites, their control still relies on an excessive application of pesticides against virus vectors and preventive actions consisting mainly in the detection and removal of infected plants. Virus‐resistant crop varieties are a powerful alternative but often confined to narrow germplasm base and takes long periods to introgress the resistance trait. One of the most effective and sustainable ways to avoid virus infection is to use genome editing to expand genetic tools. Therefore, plant virologists are turning their interests toward host factors that play essential roles in infection as novel antiviral targets. Cell-to-cell movement is critical for virus spread, and thus an ideal point for creating resistance. Plant viruses can exploit plasmodesmata (PD) -channels that interconnect every single plant cell- using encoded so-called movement proteins (MPs) which mediate the transport of the viral genomes cell-to-cell. Understanding the intercellular transport of viruses and the components involved offer breeding targets for genome editing to control virus spread and, thus block viral infection. Therefore, we propose here to identity comprehensively the compendium of MP-interacting proteins using high-end proteomics. Additionally, we will apply the state-of-the-art technology genome editing and advanced microscopy to define the role of MP-interacting proteins during virus transport and infection, laying the basis for novel biotech solutions in agriculture.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIVERSITAET DUESSELDORF · DusseldorfКоординаторГермания