HEИндивидуална стипендия2022–2024

GAPINCOMPETITION · Performance uncertainty and the level of female participation on tournaments

„Хоризонт Европа“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“

Период: 2022-08-15 → 2024-08-14
Финансиране от ЕС: 171 521 €
Участници: 2
Схема: HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-GF

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Накратко на български

Разликите в участието на мъже и жени в състезателни позиции се анализират чрез примери с турнири, при които резултатът зависи от усилията и случайни фактори. Това помага да се разбере дали изборът се влияе от увереност, страх от риск или неравенство между участниците.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Performance uncertainty and the level of female participation on tournaments

In business, government, academia, and the nonprofit sector, it is commonly observed that women enter competitive positions less often than men. There are two possible reasons for this behavior: 1) Women prefer competitive positions less than men. 2) Women are discriminated for competitive positions. Niederle and Vesterlund (2007) and follow up literature related to their work found that there is a gender gap in tournament entry and this gap is largely explained by traits like competitiveness and overconfidence but negligibly by risk aversion. Recent studies by Gillen et al. (2019) and Van Veldhuizen (2022) challenge this result by showing that gender gap in tournament entry can be explained by risk aversion difference fully. To understand how gender gap differs in various environments, and whether information can mitigate this gender gap, the first part of the project focuses on symmetric environments between contestants when they know their own and others' skills fully but not know about the noise in the environment. In particular, by using a rank order tournament, when the performance is calculated as the sum of effort and noise, we analyze males' and females' tournament entry rates when the noise is drawn from a known or unknown distribution and when the noise is drawn once or twice (when it is drawn maximum of draws is taken into account for calculating the performance). The second part of the project focuses on whether gender gap persists in competitive choices when there is an asymmetry between contestants. This is important since not all the competitions in real world are symmetric, we need to learn how different genders respond to asymmetry when they know the size of asymmetry. We create asymmetry in two different ways by using two components of a performance in a 2-person rank-order tournament: either one of the contestants has higher skill than other when both contestant have the same chance or when one of the contestants has higher chance than the other when both contestants have the same skill.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

In business life, academics, nonprofits, and politics, it is commonly observed that women enter competitive positions less often than men. This may stem mainly from two facts: 1) Women do not prefer competitive environments; 2) They are discriminated against in competitive environments. The literature starting from Niederle and Vesterlund (2007) focuses on the first fact. Niederle and Vesterlund (2007) show that although there is no performance difference between men and women, women prefer competitive environments less often than men. The aim of this project is to understand the (information) conditions under which females become more competitive. The promise of the project is important because it may be possible to increase the number of females in the competitive positions with a proper information design. In this project, I plan to use a similar set up to rank-order tournaments, i.e., performance is the sum of effort (transformation of skill) and chance. In the outgoing phase, I aim to understand how tournament entry decision differ across genders when subjects know both their own and their competitors’ skills but they have different types of information about the chance component: one being that the chance component is drawn from a known distribution (uncertainty), the other one being that it is drawn from an unknown distribution (ambiguity). This part of the project will be carried out in UCSD under the supervision of Prof. Uri Gneezy. I will then return to METU to continue the project for 12 months under the supervision of Prof. Serkan Kucuksenel. In the incoming phase, I aim to understand what should be the skill differences for males and females to encourage (discourage) females (males) to enter tournament by knowing that they have higher (lower) skill than males (females). Through the proposed research, I will be able to work with leading scholars in behavioral economics and my research agenda will advance with the help of new connections and skills.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

Участници

MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY · AnkaraКоординаторТурция
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA · OaklandСъединени щати