PREENER · THE PLANT’S INTERNAL CELLULAR SENSING AND RESPONSE MEASURES TO MECHANICAL BREACH
„Хоризонт Европа“ — Действия „Мария Склодовска-Кюри“
- Период
- 2023-01-01 → 2025-04-30
- Финансиране от ЕС
- 222 728 €
- Участници
- 2
- Схема
- HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF
Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.
Накратко на български
Растенията реагират на механични увреждания, причинени от паразитни нематоди, които разрушават клетките в корените им. Разбирането на тези процеси помага за разработване на стратегии за повишаване на устойчивостта на културите и устойчивото земеделие.
Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.
Резултати накратко
THE PLANT’S INTERNAL CELLULAR SENSING AND RESPONSE MEASURES TO MECHANICAL BREACH
Plant-parasitic nematodes are among the most damaging plant pathogens, causing more than US$150 billion in global crop losses each year. The major losses are incurred by sedentary endoparasites consisting of root knot (Meloidogynae spp.) and cyst nematodes (Globodera spp. and Heterodera spp.). Cyst nematodes enter in the host root near elongation zone, migrate upward intra-cellularly and develop permanent feeding site inside the nutrient-rich vasculature. During their migration they pass through several cell files and leaving a trail of dead cells. On the other hand, plants, as sessile organisms, have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to navigate the complex landscape of environmental challenges. Among the myriads of stressors, cell injury emerges as a pivotal trigger, requires setting in motion a delicate interplay between two fundamental responses: regeneration and defense. When confronted with cellular damage, plants orchestrate a dynamic symphony of molecular events, activation of molecular pathways that facilitate regeneration to repair the wounded tissues and simultaneously initiate defense responses to thwart potential pathogenic invaders. The overall objective of the current project was to elucidate these complex cell-specific responses of the host plant when encountered mechanical injuries by nematodes. It would assist in devising smart, time-driven and spatially temporal strategies to develop host resistance against parasitic nematodes in enhancing sustainable agricultural production. The plant cell wall acts as the foremost physical barrier against plant pathogens therefore, they have evolved mechanisms to perceive and respond to any chemical, mechanical or hydraulic changes threatening cell wall integrity. The cell wall consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin polymer. In Arabidopsis, lignin is mainly deposited in casparian strip of endodermal cells and secondary cell wall of vascular tissues and provides rigidity and strength against hydraulic pressure in xylem vessels. Accordingly, this study investigated lignin deposition as a defense response in mechanically injured roots, mapped tissue-specific lignin reinforcement of the cell wall, and identified transcriptional regulators involved in lignin biosynthesis. Ultimately, these mechanisms will be evaluated as avenues to strengthen plant resistance to nematode infections.
Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз
Цел на проекта
Plant-parasitic nematodes are microscopic organisms with exceptionally broad host range that pose major challenge to global agriculture, generate a predicted loss of 12.3 percent, equivalent to $157 billion each year. The losses caused by nematodes are further enhanced when they form disease-complexes with other microbes. Endoparasitic cyst nematodes are one of two most devastating groups, infecting the roots of economically important plants. The nematodes are a persistent problem because they have evolved an ability to secrete specific proteins to exploit the host plants development and suppress defense responses triggered by the plant. They begin feeding only after developing a specialized feeding structure (syncytium) inside the host root, by selecting a single cell near the innermost nutrient-rich vascular tissues, causing cellular injury by passing through multiple layers of different cell files. The majority of previous research has been on syncytium formation as infection proceeds. However, it is unknown how plants respond at the cellular level to the mechanical damage caused by nematodes, which prevents the creation of resistant plants to minimize crop losses. In the proposed study, cells from two internal consecutive cell layers surrounding the vascular tissues will be studied for their molecular responses to mechanical injury. The control of lignin and suberin production, which function as physical barriers against invading pathogens, will be studied in particular. Advanced microscopic technology will be utilized to accurately produce mechanical damage in selected internal root cells using a cutting-edge method called laser ablation. It will offer a strong platform for the creation of resistance agricultural plants against plant parasitic nematodes in the long run. The project will use a variety of high-tech multidisciplinary approaches to provide a framework for researching plant physical barrier measures against invasive plant diseases.
Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).
Участници
Връзки
Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз