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КартаВръзкиТемиБългарияНощта (K-TRIO)Мария Склодовска-КюриЗа ученициЗа учителиМетодологияИзненадай ме
FP6Докторантска мрежа2005–2009

FISHACE · Fisheries-induced adaptive changes in exploited stocks

6РП — Действия „Мария Кюри“

Период
2005-05-01 → 2009-04-30
Финансиране от ЕС
2 873 430 €
Участници
10
Схема
RTN

Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите. За проекти отпреди 2014 г. CORDIS не винаги дава точни координати. Тези точки са на ниво град или държава.

Накратко на български

Риболовът предизвиква еволюционни промени в морските видове, като например при треската и плочката. Тези промени влияят върху растежа и размножаването на рибите, което намалява добива и може да разстройни хранителните вериги в океана.

Този кратък обзор е генериран от изкуствен интелект

Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.

Резултати накратко

Final Activity Report Summary - FISHACE (Fisheries-Induced Adaptive Changes in Exploited Stocks)

The past few years witnessed a growing awareness that fishing might induce evolutionary changes in exploited stocks. With fishing mortalities sometimes exceeding natural mortalities by as much as 400 %, adaptive responses to the altered selective environment caused by fishing were inevitable. The European Research Training Network on 'Fisheries-induced adaptive changes in exploited stocks' (FISHACE) investigated the prevalence and consequence of fisheries-induced evolutions in exploited aquatic systems across European waters. This objective implied the development and application of novel methodological tools for empirical data investigation, along with devising a new class of the so-called eco-genetic models, suitable for closely complementing empirical analyses and evaluating management options. At the same time, the network provided advance training opportunities for a new generation of scientists who were educated to tackle the challenges posed by evolutionary changes in exploited resources. Case studies enabled through FISHACE provided empirical evidence for the occurrence of exploitation-induced evolution in Icelandic cod, Baltic cod, North Sea sole and North Sea plaice, as well as in Pacific cupped oysters cultivated along the European Atlantic coast. Model analyses carried out by the programme partners showed that that many life-history traits should be expected to be affected by fisheries-induced evolution, including maturation schedules, growth rates and reproductive investments. Moreover, it was demonstrated that these changes affected fisheries yield, evolutionary recovery would typically be slow and fisheries-induced evolution might cause cascading problems in food webs. Through pioneering the approach of Evolutionary impact assessment (EVOIA), the FISHACE research programme also explored alternative management options for avoiding or ameliorating the impacts of fisheries-induced evolution. It was found that, apart from opportunities related to a general reduction of fishing mortalities and the implementation of marine reserves, the costs of fisheries-induced evolution could also be reduced by a judicious choice of fishing gears accompanied by careful tuning of the size selectivity with which these gears extracted fish from the oceans.

Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз

Цел на проекта

Today, fishing is the dominant source of mortality in most commercially exploited fish stocks. According to the United Nation's Food and Agricultural Organization, world capture fisheries have reached a ceiling, with three stocks out of four being maximally exploited or overexploited. Since all fish species were genetically adapted to the environmental conditions experienced prior to intensive exploitation, the current, drastically altered conditions cannot possibly leave their life-history patterns unaffected. In other words, fishing not only decreases the abundance of fish, but also changes their genetic composition. These evolutionary dimensions of fisheries have been overlooked for decades, so that fisheries scientists and managers are just now awakening to the formidable risks posed by further unmanaged fisheries-induced evolution.The European Research Training Network FishACE is set up to investigate the prevalence and consequences of fisheries-induced adaptive changes in exploited aquatic systems in European waters. This objective necessitates development and application of novel methodological tools for investigating empirical data, together with careful construction of theoretical models suitable for complementing empirical analyses and evaluating managerial options. At the same time, FishACE will provide advance training for a new generation of scientists that will be ready to tackle the challenges posed by evolutionary changes in exploited resources. Strategically, this Research Training Network will maintain and extend the leading position of European research in the application of evolutionary theory to exploited ecosystems.This proposal aims at a close integration of empirical and theoretical lines of development in our understanding of evolutionary processes in exploited populations, thus providing the scientific basis required for designing policies and implementing management measures to cope with fisheries-induced adaptive changes.

Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).

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Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз