PRF MODELS · Computational neuroimaging: quantitative models of human visual neurons
7РП — „Хора“ (Действия „Мария Кюри“)
- Период
- 2009-02-01 → 2013-01-31
- Финансиране от ЕС
- 100 000 €
- Участници
- 1
- Схема
- MC-IRG
Линиите свързват координатора с партньорите.
Накратко на български
Компютърни модели анализират работата на зрителните неврони, като например как мозъкът обработва движението или реагира при редки вродени нарушения. Това помага да се разбере пластичността на човешкия мозък и как той адаптира зрителното възприятие при аномалии.
Кратко обяснение, генерирано от езиков модел по текста на CORDIS. Оригиналът е по-долу.
Резултати накратко
Computational neuroimaging: quantitative models of human visual neurons
We have extended computational neuroimaging techniques from basic science to applied neuroscience. We applied neuropsychological, functional magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging techniques. In particular, our aim was to develop biologically-inspired model-based data-analysis techniques, i.e. the pRF method (Dumoulin & Wandell, 2008). Neuropsychological evaluation of two stroke patients revealed that specific deficits in motion perception. These results provide evidence for several distinct mechanisms to process motion in the human visual system, specifically provide evidence for the existence of at least three motion mechanisms in the human visual system: a low-level first- and second-order motion mechanism and a high-level attention or position-based mechanism. Furthermore, we have provided evidence for both stability and plasticity in an extremely rare congenital disorder, human achiasma. We studied two of these subjects, which required collaboration between nine different universities worldwide, state-of-the-art techniques, and specific adjustments in the pRF method. We found that highly atypical functional responses in the cortex, including overlapping hemifield representations and bilateral population receptive fields in both striate and extrastriate visual cortex. Yet, the effect on visual perception and daily life is not easily detected, and the gross geniculostriate and occipital callosal connections remains largely unaltered. We suggest conservative geniculostriate and cortico-cortical mapping of abnormal retinogeniculate input provides a sufficient scope of developmental plasticity in humans to make substantially abnormal representations available for relatively normal visual perception.
Текст от CORDIS, на английски · Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз
Цел на проекта
One of the most complex systems, often referred to as science’s last frontier, is the human brain. However, human neuroscience research is constrained; it has no or rarely access to invasive procedures that are widely used in animals. Invasive procedures allow measurements at much smaller scales, e.g. at level of individual neurons. Consequently, most knowledge of human neurons is extrapolated from animal experiments. Ultimately, at least some human and animal neuronal properties will differ, making human measurements at comparable scales essential. We propose to bridge this gap by coupling non-invasive human neuroimaging signals, measured at the millimetre scale, with neuronal properties, measured at the micron scale. We will use a new computational neuroimaging method, which measures human neuronal population properties that are close to those derived from invasive animal experiments (Dumoulin and Wandell, 2008). The utility of these methods extends from basic to applied neuroscience, as supported by initial observations in both rare, i.e. achiasma, and common disorders, i.e. macular degeneration a leading cause of visual impairment. Thus, this method has both fundamental and clinical applications. We will extend this method in three ways. First, we will extend this method from human population to single neuron estimates. We require that our estimates replicate well-established animal experiments and human behavioural data. Second, we will validate the measurements with predictions derived from an established theoretical framework. The ability to confirm basic observations is crucial for correct interpretations of potential differences. The current theoretical framework was established using artificial stimuli that are supposed to extrapolate to natural conditions. However, recent studies suggest that this extrapolation capability is limited. Third, we will extend this method to build more complex models of neuronal properties under natural viewing conditions.
Оригинален текст от CORDIS (на английски).
Участници
- UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT · UtrechtКоординаторНидерландия
Връзки
Данни: CORDIS, © Европейски съюз